Question 1

Each type of cone cell is stimulated by a different color of light.In humans, a colorful scene is perceived as a combination of signals from three cone types.Which colors correspond to these three cones? I-Red
II-Yellow
III-Orange
IV-Blue
V-Green
VI-Purple

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III
B)  I, III, and IV
C)  I, IV, and V
D)  I, V, and VIE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion, changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

Accepted Answer

A)  nociceptors
B)  free nerve endings
C)  gated channels
D)  photoreceptorsE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following cells are NOT found in the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  rods
B)  cones
C)  bipolar cells
D)  hair cellsE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

What statement best summarizes the evolutionary history of eyes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development of light-sensing organs evolved once, but several eye structures evolved separately.
B)  Eyes evolved once and were slightly modified in different phyla.
C)  Eyes evolved separately in each phylum from an ancestor with no ability to detect light.
D)  Light-detection organs can develop with very little developmental constraint.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Where is the visual image in focus for a nearsighted individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  behind the retina
B)  in front of the retina
C)  on the retina, but it appears blurred
D)  at the lens, forming a shadow on the retinaE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

What sensory receptors sense stimuli that arise from within the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  gustatory receptors
B)  photoreceptors
C)  interoreceptors
D)  ampullae of LorenziniE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

What is the photopigment in rod cells called?

Accepted Answer

A)  photopsin
B)  rhodopsin
C)  opsin
D)  caroteneE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane depolarization
B)  membrane repolarization
C)  active ion transport
D)  membrane hyperpolarizationE) A) and B)
F) B) and D) A

Question 9

Color blindness is caused by heritable mutations in cone photoreceptors.How many cone types does the retina of a colorblind individual typically contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  only one
B)  two
C)  three
D)  fourE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

Accepted Answer

A)  salty
B)  sour
C)  sweet
D)  vitaminsE) B) and C)
F) All of the above D

Question 11

What are the categories of taste sensation?

Accepted Answer

A)  sweet, salty, sour, creamy, umami
B)  sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
C)  sweet, salty, bitter, chocolate, coffee
D)  sweet, sour, salty, creamy, savoryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Beta-N-Methylamino-L-Alanine, or BMAA, is a glutamate receptor agonist produced by cyanobacteria.Since Glu is an excitatory neurotransmitter, it is not surprising that BMAA is associated with neurological damage.Buildup of BMAA in fruit bats was hypothesized to cause neurodegenerative disease in islanders that fed on the bats.A recent study found high levels of BMAA in sharks, suggesting that consumption of shark fin soup is also dangerous.The researchers suggested that a secondary effect of BMAA may actually make these hazardous foods surprisingly desirable.What might this be?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since BMAA is a Glu receptor agonist, it promotes incorporation of Glu into proteins, and has health-promoting effects.
B)  Since BMAA is derived from cyanobacteria, it provides unique nutrients not found in the animal or plant kingdom.
C)  Since BMAA is a Glu receptor agonist, it imparts a strong umami flavor that makes food more delicious.
D)  Since BMAA contains alanine, it improves protein synthesis by providing this rare nutrient.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above C

Question 13

The human retina is composed of three cell layers.Which represents the correct order of these layers, starting with the layer that is closest to the iris?

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglion cells  →\rightarrow→  bipolar cells  →\rightarrow→  rods and cones
B)  optic nerve cells  →\rightarrow→ rods and cones  →\rightarrow→ bipolar cells
C)  rods and cones  →\rightarrow→  bipolar cells  →\rightarrow→  ganglion cells
D)  bipolar cells  →\rightarrow→  ganglion cells  →\rightarrow→  rods and cones E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  baroreceptors
B)  chemoreceptors
C)  nociceptors
D)  thermoreceptorsE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which is NOT a stimulus that exteroceptors can sense?

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity
B)  smell
C)  light
D)  muscle tensionE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following structures is found in a human eye, but NOT in an octopus eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  retina
B)  lens
C)  optic nerve
D)  blind spotE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

All of the varied sensations we experience are due to which three categories of sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  visioceptor, audioceptor, olfactoceptor
B)  exteroceptor, interoceptor, proprioceptor
C)  mechanoreceptor, chemoreceptor, electromagnetic receptor
D)  mechanoreceptor, olfactory receptor, photoreceptorE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the lateral line system is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  allows fish to sense objects based on the pressure waves they produce
B)  allows fish to sense objects based on the low-frequency vibrations they produce
C)  allows fish to swim in synchrony with a school of other members of its species
D)  provides the fish with the ability to see imagesE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

In "The Disembodied Lady", neurologist Oliver Sacks tells the story of a patient who suffered a catastrophic loss of sensory function.She said, "I feel my body is blind and deaf to itself...It has no sense of itself." The patient's nerve damage was strikingly specific.What single type of neuron most likely suffered damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  gustatory receptors
B)  proprioceptors
C)  olfactory receptors
D)  Meissner corpusclesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

When a cone cell is stimulated by light, what will occur at the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  excitation
B)  inhibition
C)  an action potential
D)  hyperpolarizationE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Exam 44: Sensory Systems

Each type of cone cell is stimulated by a different color of light.In humans, a colorful scene is perceived as a combination of signals from three cone types.Which colors correspond to these three cones? I-Red II-Yellow III-Orange IV-Blue V-Green VI-Purple

Correct Answer
verified

The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion, changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following cells are NOT found in the retina?

Correct Answer
verified

What statement best summarizes the evolutionary history of eyes?

Correct Answer
verified

Where is the visual image in focus for a nearsighted individual?

Correct Answer
verified

What sensory receptors sense stimuli that arise from within the body?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the photopigment in rod cells called?

Correct Answer
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When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

Correct Answer
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A

Color blindness is caused by heritable mutations in cone photoreceptors.How many cone types does the retina of a colorblind individual typically contain?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

Correct Answer
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D

What are the categories of taste sensation?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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C

The human retina is composed of three cell layers.Which represents the correct order of these layers, starting with the layer that is closest to the iris?

Correct Answer
verified

What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?

Correct Answer
verified

Which is NOT a stimulus that exteroceptors can sense?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following structures is found in a human eye, but NOT in an octopus eye?

Correct Answer
verified

All of the varied sensations we experience are due to which three categories of sensory receptors?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about the lateral line system is NOT correct?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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When a cone cell is stimulated by light, what will occur at the cell membrane?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 44: Sensory Systems

Each type of cone cell is stimulated by a different color of light.In humans, a colorful scene is perceived as a combination of signals from three cone types.Which colors correspond to these three cones? I-Red II-Yellow III-Orange IV-Blue V-Green VI-Purple

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion, changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cells are NOT found in the retina?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What statement best summarizes the evolutionary history of eyes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where is the visual image in focus for a nearsighted individual?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What sensory receptors sense stimuli that arise from within the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the photopigment in rod cells called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Color blindness is caused by heritable mutations in cone photoreceptors.How many cone types does the retina of a colorblind individual typically contain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What are the categories of taste sensation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The human retina is composed of three cell layers.Which represents the correct order of these layers, starting with the layer that is closest to the iris?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT a stimulus that exteroceptors can sense?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following structures is found in a human eye, but NOT in an octopus eye?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the varied sensations we experience are due to which three categories of sensory receptors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the lateral line system is NOT correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a cone cell is stimulated by light, what will occur at the cell membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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D

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C

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