Question 1

The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of

Accepted Answer

A)  the need to belong. 
B)  sexual disorders. 
C)  hunger. 
D)  boredom.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?

Accepted Answer

A)  instinct theory 
B)  drive-reduction theory 
C)  hierarchy of needs theory 
D)  arousal theoryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The secretion of PYY _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases; decreases 
B)  decreases; increases 
C)  increases; increases 
D)  decreases; decreasesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) B

Question 4

For a thirsty person,drinking water serves to reduce

Accepted Answer

A)  a drive. 
B)  an instinct. 
C)  the set point. 
D)  basal metabolic rate.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) A

Question 5

One shortcoming of the instinct theory of motivation is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  places too much emphasis on environmental factors. 
B)  focuses on cognitive aspects of motivation. 
C)  applies only to animal behavior. 
D)  does not explain human behaviors; it simply names them.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

I am a protein produced by fat cells and monitored by the hypothalamus. When in abundance,I cause the brain to increase metabolism. What am I?

Accepted Answer

A)  PYY 
B)  ghrelin 
C)  orexin 
D)  leptinE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Dr. Milosz electrically stimulates the lateral hypothalamus of a well-fed laboratory rat. This procedure is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  cause the rat to begin eating. 
B)  decrease the rat's basal metabolic rate. 
C)  facilitate conversion of the rat's blood glucose to fat. 
D)  permanently lower the rat's set point.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 8

People's dislike of novel foods best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  drive reduction. 
B)  neophobia. 
C)  homeostasis. 
D)  anorexia nervosa.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Psychologists have used four perspectives in their efforts to explain motivation. These include an emphasis on instincts,optimum arousal,a hierarchy of motives,and

Accepted Answer

A)  drive reduction. 
B)  self-transcendence. 
C)  neuroscience. 
D)  basal metabolic rate.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  least; least 
B)  most; greatest 
C)  least; greatest 
D)  most; leastE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Research on obesity indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  pound for pound,fat tissue requires more calories to maintain than lean tissue. 
B)  once fat cells are acquired they are never lost,no matter how rigorously one diets. 
C)  one pound of weight is lost for every 3500-calorie reduction in diet. 
D)  when weight drops below the set point,hunger and metabolism also decrease.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

According to researchers,which of the following would be the BEST advice or encouragement to offer someone who wants to lose excess weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Avoid complex carbohydrates like potatoes and pasta." 
B)  "Reduce your weight gradually over a period of several months." 
C)  "Your self-esteem will increase dramatically if you can successfully lose weight." 
D)  "Once you lose your excess weight,you will experience a big reduction in your appetite for food."E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

The text suggests that a neophobia for unfamiliar tastes

Accepted Answer

A)  is more common in children than in adults. 
B)  protected our ancestors from potentially toxic substances. 
C)  may be an early warning sign of an eating disorder. 
D)  only grows stronger with repeated exposure to those tastes.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

After spending years in the ocean,a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis. 
B)  a set point. 
C)  an incentive. 
D)  an instinct.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

A starving rat will lose all interest in food if its ________ is destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral thalamus 
B)  ventromedial thalamus 
C)  lateral hypothalamus 
D)  ventromedial hypothalamusE) A) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 16

Hunger is increased by ________; it is decreased by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a high ghrelin level; a low orexin level 
B)  stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus; stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus 
C)  a low orexin level; a high ghrelin level 
D)  stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus; stimulation of the lateral hypothalamusE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Mr. Porter believes that aggression is an unlearned behavior characteristic of all children. He obviously believes that aggression is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  incentive. 
B)  homeostatic mechanism. 
C)  instinct. 
D)  drive.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

An aroused,motivated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  instinct. 
B)  incentive. 
C)  drive. 
D)  set point.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

(Close-Up) Kathy has been undergoing treatment for bulimia. There is an above-average probability that one or more members of Kathy's family have a problem with

Accepted Answer

A)  high achievement. 
B)  overprotection. 
C)  obesity. 
D)  all of these characteristics.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

When an organism's weight rises above its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in both hunger and basal metabolic rate. 
B)  increase in hunger and a decrease in basal metabolic rate. 
C)  decrease in hunger and an increase in basal metabolic rate. 
D)  increase in both hunger and basal metabolic rate.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 15: Two Routes to Persuasion

The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The secretion of PYY _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

For a thirsty person,drinking water serves to reduce

Correct AnswerverifiedA

One shortcoming of the instinct theory of motivation is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

I am a protein produced by fat cells and monitored by the hypothalamus. When in abundance,I cause the brain to increase metabolism. What am I?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Milosz electrically stimulates the lateral hypothalamus of a well-fed laboratory rat. This procedure is likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People's dislike of novel foods best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists have used four perspectives in their efforts to explain motivation. These include an emphasis on instincts,optimum arousal,a hierarchy of motives,and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on obesity indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to researchers,which of the following would be the BEST advice or encouragement to offer someone who wants to lose excess weight?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text suggests that a neophobia for unfamiliar tastes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After spending years in the ocean,a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A starving rat will lose all interest in food if its ________ is destroyed.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Hunger is increased by ________; it is decreased by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr. Porter believes that aggression is an unlearned behavior characteristic of all children. He obviously believes that aggression is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An aroused,motivated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

(Close-Up) Kathy has been undergoing treatment for bulimia. There is an above-average probability that one or more members of Kathy's family have a problem with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an organism's weight rises above its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The secretion of PYY _ hunger and the secretion of orexin hunger.

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B

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A

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Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who value thinness and have the body dissatisfaction.

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C

Hunger is increased by ; it is decreased by .

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