Question 1

Three of the following homes should promote self-regulation in the children that live there. Which home is least likely to promote self-regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Six-year-old Maria's mother sometimes asks her if she would go next door to borrow a cup of sugar from a neighbor. "You can stay and talk for a few minutes," she says, "but don't forget that I can't finish these cookies until you return."
B)   Nine-year-old Ginny's parents often seek her input on family decisions, although they ultimately have the final say on what the family does.
C)   Twelve-year-old Mark's parents let him do whatever he wants as long as he tells them where he's going.
D)   Fourteen-year-old Manny often sees his mother writing the novel she's always wanted to write. "I'd love to watch TV like you are," she sometimes tells him, "but I'll be happier if I finish at least two more pages tonight."E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

A high school auto mechanics teacher wants to increase his female students' self-efficacy for mastering simple car maintenance procedures. He can best do this by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Presenting a film that shows an experienced auto mechanic at work
B)   Describing how easily he learned these things when he was their age
C)   Having the students read a book with clear, step-by-step instructions for changing the oil and the air filter
D)   Having the students watch other girls successfully change the oil and the air filterE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Some students are at risk for academic failure, and if they do fail, they are apt to be ill-equipped to become productive citizens in the adult world. With the typical characteristics of students at risk in mind, identify five strategies you might use to help such students succeed at school. For each one, describe what you would do in specific and concrete terms.

Accepted Answer

The response should describe, in specifi...

Question 4

Primary reinforcers are stimuli or events that:

Accepted Answer

A)   Satisfy biologically built-in needs
B)   Become especially effective after puberty
C)   Work only with students in the lower elementary grades
D)   Are effective only when presented before the desired responseE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Bill's behaviors in Ms. Kennedy's class are really distracting to other students. For example, he whispers to the boy beside him when Ms. Kennedy is giving directions on how to do an assignment. He flings paper clips at a girl across the room. He makes strange grunting noises that a few classmates find amusing. Ms. Kennedy glares at him or admonishes him whenever he behaves in a distracting way, yet his inappropriate behaviors are increasing rather than decreasing. Which one of the following interpretations best explains why Bill's behaviors are increasing?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ms. Kennedy is reinforcing him for the distracting behaviors.
B)   Ms. Kennedy is punishing him for the distracting behaviors.
C)   Bill is gaining vicarious reinforcement from the other students.
D)   Bill is incapable of delaying gratification.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

In which one of the following situations is a youngster attributing failure to a stable and uncontrollable factor?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jason tells himself that he failed the last history test because the substitute teacher constructed a bad test. He expects to do better when his regular teacher returns from maternity leave.
B)   Kami tells herself that she is getting low grades in math because, like her mom, she just isn't any good at math.
C)   Lana thinks that she didn't make the school dance squad this year because she didn't practice enough. She vows to do better next time.
D)   Marley believes she is having trouble in music because she has been absent the last two weeks. She knows she'll have to work extra hard to catch up to her class.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following statements most clearly illustrates self-efficacy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Misha really enjoys listening to rap music.
B)   Misha believes he can do well in his chemistry class if he studies hard.
C)   Misha is such a warm, outgoing young man that he is quite popular with his peers.
D)   Misha thinks he gets poor grades in his French class because his teacher doesn't like him.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Eileen is reluctant to go out for the school soccer team. Her parents want to enhance her self-confidence about becoming a successful soccer player. Keeping the concept of attributions in mind, the best thing the parents can say to Eileen is:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Some people are just naturally good soccer players, and we've seen signs that you're probably one of them."
B)   "The game of soccer is largely a matter of luck. Some days are good ones and some days are bad. You just never know how things will go."
C)   "Skill in soccer is totally a function of how hard you work at the game."
D)   "You have some natural athletic ability, and practice will make you even better."E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Good grades are reinforcing to some children but not to others. Someone explaining this fact from an operant conditioning perspective would say that good grades are most likely to be reinforcers to children who:

Accepted Answer

A)   Have been told that good grades can help them get a scholarship
B)   Have previously associated grades with other reinforcers
C)   Come from middle-socioeconomic backgrounds
D)   Have never received a grade above CE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Three of the following strategies are likely to help students at risk stay in school. Which one is unlikely to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)   Have them practice using basic skills in areas of personal interest.
B)   Seek their input in making decisions about school policy and classroom rules.
C)   Discourage them from participating in extracurricular activities so they can focus on getting their grades up.
D)   Communicate your expectation that they can do well and that you will help them achieve instructional objectives.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Catalina is talking about her experiences in pottery class. "At first I had a really hard time getting the clay centered on the wheel. Then I'd finally get it centered, but the pot would collapse when I tried to pull the walls up. (She laughs.)  It was really frustrating, but I just kept practicing over and over. I am doing better now than I did at the beginning of the semester." From her comments, it is clear that Catalan has a:

Accepted Answer

A)   core goal
B)   social goal
C)   mastery goal
D)   performance goalE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Three of the following are examples of self-regulation. Which one is not a good example of self-regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   A child tries hard to earn the reinforcer his teacher has told him he will get for good behavior.
B)   A child reminds herself in a whisper that she should raise her hand before speaking in class.
C)   A child thinks, "I paid better attention in class today. I'm going to reward myself by watching television when I get home from school."
D)   A child keeps track of the number of times he's gone to the pencil sharpener in a single day.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which one of the following statements is most consistent with the textbook's recommendation for describing classroom rules and procedures?

Accepted Answer

A)   "You should always do your math homework on wide-ruled paper and make sure your answers are lined up in rows that are easy for me to grade."
B)   "When you write your compositions, remember that I can read what you've written more easily and can give you more useful feedback if you write clearly."
C)   "Remember to do your own work on this assignment. This is not like the cooperative activity we did yesterday."
D)   "Tomorrow you should bring in a newspaper or magazine article about one of the countries we are studying in current events this week."E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Developmental researchers have discovered that many children become increasingly self-regulating over time.
a. Explain what they mean by the term self-regulation.
b. Identify a behavior you would like to see children exhibit in an increasingly self-regulated fashion. Then describe three specific strategies you might use to promote their self-regulation.
Developmental Trends Table
The table below describes the behaviors of children and adolescents at five different age levels. It identifies motives that may be at work, offers suggestions for encouraging productive behavior, or does both. Apply what you've learned about the development of motivation to fill in the empty cells in the table.
Observing Motivation in Youngsters' Behaviors

Accepted Answer

Responses to the two parts of the questi...

Question 15

Which one of the following is the best example of a student attributing success to an internal factor?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nita has just gotten an A on her final exam in world history and is feeling very grateful to the teacher for her good grade.
B)   Polly's teacher has just told her that she will be the group leader for her reading group next quarter. Polly is glad her teacher is in a good mood today.
C)   Renata has just gotten a good grade on her math test and is glad that her mother got her a math tutor.
D)   Sue Ellen has just gotten a good grade on her geography test. She is proud that she did so well and glad that she studied hard.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Three of the following concepts reflect some degree of intrinsic motivation. Which one does not?

Accepted Answer

A)   disequilibrium
B)   personal interest
C)   situational interest
D)   vicarious reinforcementE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

When 14-year-old Valerie discovers that she's gotten an A on yesterday's assignment, she expresses pride to her teacher and explains that she worked very hard on it. On the way home from school, however, she tells her friends that she didn't put much effort into the assignment at all and so was lucky to get a high grade. How can we best explain Valerie's conflicting statements?

Accepted Answer

A)   She suspects that her friends have mastery goals rather than performance goals, and she is trying to go along with the crowd.
B)   She knows that her teacher is more likely than her friends to have an entity view of ability, and she tailors her explanations accordingly.
C)   She knows that her teacher values hard work but that her friends do not, and she tailors her attributions accordingly.
D)   She has internalized the importance of working hard at school.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Three of the following strategies should promote children's motivation in the classroom. With the textbook's discussion of motivation in mind, choose the strategy that is least likely to motivate youngsters to learn and achieve.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mr. Allen has the students in his history class act out an important event in the nation's history.
B)   Ms. Bright says, "I find European history absolutely fascinating. Let me show you some reasons why."
C)   Ms. Carmichael says, "I'm sorry you didn't do well on the exam. Better luck next time."
D)   Mr. Davis says, "Look at how your handwriting now compares to your handwriting last fall. Thanks to your hard work, you've really improved!"E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

The four children below are all learning how to play the piano. Which one of them best illustrates the role of value in motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Angie takes piano lessons mainly because her parents insist that she does.
B)   Beth thinks her teacher asks her to play pieces that are too hard for her.
C)   Constance thinks she can impress her friends by playing well.
D)   Dena is afraid of how embarrassed she'll be if she makes a mistake.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which one of the following statements best describes vicarious reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anticipating future reinforcement
B)   Receiving reinforcement after behaving inappropriately
C)   Watching someone else receive reinforcement for a behavior
D)   Remembering reinforcement that one has previously receivedE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 13: Development of Motivation and Self-Regulation

Which one of the following statements is most consistent with the textbook's recommendation for describing classroom rules and procedures?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is the best example of a student attributing success to an internal factor?

Correct Answer
verified

Eileen is reluctant to go out for the school soccer team. Her parents want to enhance her self-confidence about becoming a successful soccer player. Keeping the concept of attributions in mind, the best thing the parents can say to Eileen is:

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following are examples of self-regulation. Which one is not a good example of self-regulation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following strategies are likely to help students at risk stay in school. Which one is unlikely to do so?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A high school auto mechanics teacher wants to increase his female students' self-efficacy for mastering simple car maintenance procedures. He can best do this by:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Responses to the two parts of the questi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements best describes vicarious reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements most clearly illustrates self-efficacy?

Correct Answer
verified

In which one of the following situations is a youngster attributing failure to a stable and uncontrollable factor?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The response should describe, in specifi...
View Answer

Three of the following concepts reflect some degree of intrinsic motivation. Which one does not?

Correct Answer
verified

The four children below are all learning how to play the piano. Which one of them best illustrates the role of value in motivation?

Correct Answer
verified

Primary reinforcers are stimuli or events that:

Correct Answer
verified

Good grades are reinforcing to some children but not to others. Someone explaining this fact from an operant conditioning perspective would say that good grades are most likely to be reinforcers to children who:

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following homes should promote self-regulation in the children that live there. Which home is least likely to promote self-regulation?

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following strategies should promote children's motivation in the classroom. With the textbook's discussion of motivation in mind, choose the strategy that is least likely to motivate youngsters to learn and achieve.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Development of Motivation and Self-Regulation

Which one of the following statements is most consistent with the textbook's recommendation for describing classroom rules and procedures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is the best example of a student attributing success to an internal factor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eileen is reluctant to go out for the school soccer team. Her parents want to enhance her self-confidence about becoming a successful soccer player. Keeping the concept of attributions in mind, the best thing the parents can say to Eileen is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following are examples of self-regulation. Which one is not a good example of self-regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following strategies are likely to help students at risk stay in school. Which one is unlikely to do so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A high school auto mechanics teacher wants to increase his female students' self-efficacy for mastering simple car maintenance procedures. He can best do this by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedResponses to the two parts of the questi...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements best describes vicarious reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements most clearly illustrates self-efficacy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which one of the following situations is a youngster attributing failure to a stable and uncontrollable factor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedThe response should describe, in specifi...View AnswerShow Answer

Three of the following concepts reflect some degree of intrinsic motivation. Which one does not?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The four children below are all learning how to play the piano. Which one of them best illustrates the role of value in motivation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary reinforcers are stimuli or events that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Good grades are reinforcing to some children but not to others. Someone explaining this fact from an operant conditioning perspective would say that good grades are most likely to be reinforcers to children who:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following homes should promote self-regulation in the children that live there. Which home is least likely to promote self-regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following strategies should promote children's motivation in the classroom. With the textbook's discussion of motivation in mind, choose the strategy that is least likely to motivate youngsters to learn and achieve.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Responses to the two parts of the questi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The response should describe, in specifi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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