Question 1

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   cell membrane synthesis.
B)   taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents.
C)   cell wall fluidity.
D)   clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Which structure acts like an ʺinvisibility cloakʺ and protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

Accepted Answer

A)   capsule
B)   cell wall
C)   cell membrane
D)   fimbriae
E)   slime layerF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Each of the following statements concerning the gram-positive cell wall is true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   it protects the cell in a hypertonic environment.
B)   it contains teichoic acids.
C)   it is sensitive to penicillin.
D)   it is sensitive to lysozyme.
E)   it maintains the shape of the cell.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Fimbriae and pili differ in that

Accepted Answer

A)   there are only one or two pili per cell.
B)   pili are used for motility.
C)   pili are used to transfer DNA.
D)   pili are used for attachment to surfaces.
E)   pili are used for transfer of DNA and motility.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT part of the passive transport process?

Accepted Answer

A)   concentration gradient
B)   aquaporins
C)   transporter proteins
D)   plasma membrane
E)   ATPF) A) and D)
G) C) and D) E

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleus -nucleiod region
B)   mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane
C)   chloroplasts - thylakoids
D)   9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella
E)   cilia - piliF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Figure 4.3
 
-In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   a
B)   b
C)   both a and b
D)   neither a nor b
E)   The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E) A

Question 9

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane.
B)   They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment.
C)   They are toxic to humans.
D)   They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.
E)   They are sensitive to penicillin.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E) E

Question 10

Antibiotics that target the cell wall are an effective treatment against many pathogenic bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomes
B)   the plasma membrane, around organelles, and surrounding flagella
C)   the plasma membrane
D)   around organelles
E)   surrounding flagellaF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin. This trait most likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through

Accepted Answer

A)   meisosis.
B)   transduction.
C)   conjugation.
D)   binary fission.
E)   transformation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
B)   Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
C)   They lack a plasma membrane.
D)   They typically have a circular chromosome.
E)   They reproduce by binary fission.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following structures is NOT found in some prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   pilus
B)   axial filament
C)   cilium
D)   flagellum
E)   peritrichous flagellaF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Endospores are a reproductive structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Figure 4.1
 
-Which drawing in Figure 4.1 is streptococci?

Accepted Answer

A)   a
B)   b
C)   c
D)   d
E)   eF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)   alcohol
B)   lysozyme
C)   polymixins
D)   water
E)   mycolic acidF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing.
B)   Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth.
C)   A cell can produce many endospores.
D)   Endospores are for reproduction.
E)   Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)   simple diffusion
B)   aquaporins
C)   extracellular enzymes
D)   active transport
E)   facilitated diffusionF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure acts like an ʺinvisibility cloakʺ and protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following statements concerning the gram-positive cell wall is true EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fimbriae and pili differ in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT part of the passive transport process?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Antibiotics that target the cell wall are an effective treatment against many pathogenic bacteria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin. This trait most likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following structures is NOT found in some prokaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endospores are a reproductive structure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4.1 -Which drawing in Figure 4.1 is streptococci?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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