Question 1

To use a map, children must be able to understand it as

Accepted Answer

A)   a piece of paper with lines and pictures.
B)   a representation of real roads and buildings.
C)   both a piece of paper and a representation of something real.
D)   a valuable symbolic artifact.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Children's phonological development refers to their learning of the

Accepted Answer

A)   meaning system and words of their language.
B)   cultural rules for how their language is used.
C)   rules for combining the words in their language.
D)   sound system of their language.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Infants' preparations for speaking do NOT include

Accepted Answer

A)   practice producing sounds.
B)   games like peekaboo.
C)   following an adult's gaze when the adult is talking.
D)   discovering where words begin and end in fluent speech.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The foundation of intersubjectivity is

Accepted Answer

A)   judgement.
B)   orientation.
C)   joint attention.
D)   prosody.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Which factor is NOT involved in learning language?

Accepted Answer

A)   phonological development
B)   semantic development
C)   pragmatic development
D)   production developmentE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

_____ is NOT an example of a way in which adults help toddlers learn words.

Accepted Answer

A)   Putting vocal stress on new words
B)   Repeating new words
C)   Saying new words in the first position in a sentence
D)   Labeling objects when the child is attending to themE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which statement about the vocalizations and babbling of deaf infants is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Until approximately 6 months of age, deaf infants produce vocalizations similar to those of hearing infants.
B)   The vocal babbling of deaf infants begins at the same time as that of hearing babies.
C)   Deaf infants exposed to ASL begin babbling manually at about 12 months of age.
D)   Deaf infants do not engage in vocal babbling.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Infants likely learn _____ from the distributional properties of language.

Accepted Answer

A)   that the distinction between /ba/ and /pa/ is important in their language
B)   the meaning of the sound produced by "ed" as in "walked"
C)   that the sound "ch" frequently comes before the sound "oo" but never before the sound "b"
D)   the meaning of the sound produced by "s" in "runs"E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The utterances of nonhuman communicators are considered to have limited or no _____, which is a defining feature of language.

Accepted Answer

A)   semantics
B)   morphemes
C)   phonemes
D)   syntaxE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of these would NOT be considered a symbol?

Accepted Answer

A)   spoken language
B)   a picture
C)   a map
D)   a facial expressionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

In a study by Hirsh-Pasek and Golinkoff, when infants were shown two videotaped scenes, one with a woman kissing keys while holding a ball and the other with a woman kissing a ball while holding keys, and heard, "She's kissing the keys," infants

Accepted Answer

A)   were sensitive to word order.
B)   learned from syntactic bootstrapping.
C)   used intention to comprehend meaning.
D)   did all of these.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which statement about children who are exposed to two languages from birth is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children exposed to two languages often confuse the grammar of the two languages.
B)   Children exposed to two languages may appear to lag behind monolingual children on some language measures.
C)   Children exposed to two languages tend to perform better than monolingual children on cognitive measures.
D)   Children exposed to two languages correctly use the phonological systems of each language to pronounce words in that language and not words in the other language.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Determining word meanings by tracking the correlations between labels and meanings across scenes and contexts is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   the mutual exclusivity assumption.
B)   fast mapping.
C)   the whole-object assumption.
D)   cross-situational word learning.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Which theorist proposed Universal Grammar?

Accepted Answer

A)   Skinner
B)   Newport
C)   Chomsky
D)   PinkerE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Branson and Amanda want to make sure that their child speaks both English and Spanish. Which statement is the BEST advice for these parents?

Accepted Answer

A)   As long as the child is exposed to the second language for an extended period of time, it does not matter when exposure to the language begins.
B)   Wait to expose the child to a second language until he or she is old enough to be motivated to learn the language.
C)   Expose the child to the second language as early as possible.
D)   Begin exposure to the second language well after you are sure the child has learned the native language completely and proficiently.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Jaimson is right-handed. This means that language is primarily represented in

Accepted Answer

A)   the left hemisphere of the brain.
B)   the right hemisphere of the brain.
C)   the left and right hemispheres of the brain equally.
D)   either hemisphere of the brain, as individuals differ greatly as to which part of their brain controls language.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 17

The study by DeLoache and her colleagues that used a "shrinking room" demonstrated that young children's trouble with scale models is due to their

Accepted Answer

A)   trouble dealing with dual representation.
B)   inability to remember the location of a hidden toy.
C)   poor imagination skills.
D)   difficulty comprehending the meaning of maps.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The finding that infants pay attention to the speaker's intentions when interpreting the meaning of the speaker's words supports the importance of _____ in language development.

Accepted Answer

A)   the simultaneous activity of interconnected processing units
B)   Universal Grammar
C)   a language-specific learning module
D)   social interactionE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Which of these factors is NOT a pragmatic cue?

Accepted Answer

A)   focus of the speaker's attention
B)   grammatical category of the word
C)   speaker's intention
D)   speaker's emotional responseE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which bit of conversation is an example of a narrative?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Grandma, please take me to the park. I want to go to the park and do the twisty slide."
B)   "Daddy and I went to the park today. I went on the big twisty slide."
C)   "Yay, I love the park. This twisty slide is so much fun."
D)   "Kelsey said she will take me to the park tomorrow. I am going to go down the twisty slide."E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Exam 6: Development of Language and Symbol Use

Determining word meanings by tracking the correlations between labels and meanings across scenes and contexts is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which bit of conversation is an example of a narrative?

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Jaimson is right-handed. This means that language is primarily represented in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study by DeLoache and her colleagues that used a "shrinking room" demonstrated that young children's trouble with scale models is due to their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants' preparations for speaking do NOT include

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The utterances of nonhuman communicators are considered to have limited or no _____, which is a defining feature of language.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about children who are exposed to two languages from birth is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The foundation of intersubjectivity is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The finding that infants pay attention to the speaker's intentions when interpreting the meaning of the speaker's words supports the importance of _____ in language development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Hirsh-Pasek and Golinkoff, when infants were shown two videotaped scenes, one with a woman kissing keys while holding a ball and the other with a woman kissing a ball while holding keys, and heard, "She's kissing the keys," infants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Branson and Amanda want to make sure that their child speaks both English and Spanish. Which statement is the BEST advice for these parents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children's phonological development refers to their learning of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To use a map, children must be able to understand it as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theorist proposed Universal Grammar?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is NOT an example of a way in which adults help toddlers learn words.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants likely learn _____ from the distributional properties of language.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these factors is NOT a pragmatic cue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which factor is NOT involved in learning language?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about the vocalizations and babbling of deaf infants is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these would NOT be considered a symbol?

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