Question 1

Ocean tides of low amplitude that occur at first and third quarter Moons are called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ocean tides of low amplitude that occur...

Question 2

If Copernicus overthrew the geocentric universe,what did Kepler overthrow?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If Copernicus overthrew the geocentric universe,what did...

Question 3

If the mass of the Earth decreased by a factor of 2,with no change in the radius,what would happen to your weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would increase by a factor of 4.
B)  It would increase by a factor of 2.
C)  It would decrease by a factor of 2.
D)  It would decrease by a factor of 4.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Gravity obeys an inverse square relation.What does this statement imply about the force due to gravity between two masses?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will increase as the distance between the two masses increases.
B)  It will decrease as the square of the distance between the two masses increases.
C)  It will cause the two masses to move in a straight line.
D)  It will cause the two masses to orbit each other.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

What feature of Ptolemy's model of the universe allowed it to explain retrograde motion?

Accepted Answer

A)  heliocentrism
B)  elliptical orbits
C)  epicycles
D)  geocentrismE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

What two numbers tell us the size and shape of an ellipse?

Accepted Answer

A)  radius, eccentricity
B)  radius, deferent
C)  semi-major axis, deferent
D)  semi-major axis, eccentricityE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following statements reflects beliefs that were almost universally held in pre-Copernican astronomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Earth.
B)  The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Sun.
C)  The Sun was at the centre of the universe.
D)  The Earth was at the centre of the universe.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

The period of Jupiter's orbit around the Sun is approximately 12 years.What is the approximate distance from the Sun to Jupiter?

Accepted Answer

A)  5.2 AU
B)  42 AU
C)  144 AU
D)  1728 AUE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

What was the basis for Isaac Newton's conclusion that a force from the Earth must be acting on the Moon?

Accepted Answer

A)  A force is needed to keep the Moon in motion in its orbit.
B)  A force is needed to pull the Moon outward.
C)  A force is needed to accelerate the Moon toward the Earth, away from straight-line motion.
D)  The Moon moved at a constant velocity in a straight line.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The force due to gravity has the mathematical form:
$ F=-\frac{G M m}{r^{2}} $

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

-Which of the following statements is implied by Kepler's second law of planetary motion?

Accepted Answer

A)  A planet should move at its greatest speed when it is closest to the Sun.
B)  The most massive planets will have the greatest speed in their orbits.
C)  The speed of a planet in its orbit depends on the size of the epicycle.
D)  The mass of the planet determines how far the planet is from the Sun.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Galileo's telescopic discoveries of mountains on the Moon and spots on the Sun were controversial because they suggested something about the Sun and Moon.What was it?

Accepted Answer

A)  that they were the same kind of object
B)  that they were not perfect spheres
C)  that they were inhabited
D)  that they orbited each otherE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

What are Kepler's three laws of planetary motion?

Accepted Answer

Kepler's three laws of planetary motion ...

Question 14

Given its orbital period of 76 years,what is the average distance of Comet Halley from the Sun?

Accepted Answer

A)  18 AU
B)  38 AU
C)  51 AU
D)  114 AUE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Why does Ptolemy include epicycles in his model?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why does Ptolemy include epicycles in his...

Question 16

Describe one observation that would disprove the Ptolemaic model and explain why it would conflict with the model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe one observation that would disprove the...

Question 17

According to Kepler's third law,a planet's orbital period ____________________ is equal to its average distance from the Sun ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Kepler's third law,a planet's orbital...

Question 18

In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is observable for planets located between the Earth and the Sun.
B)  It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than the Earth
C)  It is only observable for the Moon.
D)  It is observable for all planets.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The orbit of the planet Jupiter is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus.What is located at the other focus?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Earth
B)  the asteroid belt
C)  Saturn
D)  nothingE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

When we say that gravitation is universal,what do we mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Earth exerts gravitational force on objects on its surface.
B)  The Earth exerts a gravitational force on its Moon and vice versa.
C)  The Earth, the Moon, and the Sun exert gravitational force on each other.
D)  All objects exert gravitational force on one another.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: The Origin of Modern Astronomy

The period of Jupiter's orbit around the Sun is approximately 12 years.What is the approximate distance from the Sun to Jupiter?

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-Which of the following statements is implied by Kepler's second law of planetary motion?

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Galileo's telescopic discoveries of mountains on the Moon and spots on the Sun were controversial because they suggested something about the Sun and Moon.What was it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe one observation that would disprove the Ptolemaic model and explain why it would conflict with the model.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ocean tides of low amplitude that occur at first and third quarter Moons are called ____________________.

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In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?

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The orbit of the planet Jupiter is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus.What is located at the other focus?

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Given its orbital period of 76 years,what is the average distance of Comet Halley from the Sun?

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When we say that gravitation is universal,what do we mean?

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Why does Ptolemy include epicycles in his model?

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What two numbers tell us the size and shape of an ellipse?

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If the mass of the Earth decreased by a factor of 2,with no change in the radius,what would happen to your weight?

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The force due to gravity has the mathematical form: F=−GMmr2 F=-\frac{G M m}{r^{2}} F=−r2GMm​

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Gravity obeys an inverse square relation.What does this statement imply about the force due to gravity between two masses?

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According to Kepler's third law,a planet's orbital period ____________________ is equal to its average distance from the Sun ____________________.

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Which of the following statements reflects beliefs that were almost universally held in pre-Copernican astronomy?

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If Copernicus overthrew the geocentric universe,what did Kepler overthrow?

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What feature of Ptolemy's model of the universe allowed it to explain retrograde motion?

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What was the basis for Isaac Newton's conclusion that a force from the Earth must be acting on the Moon?

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What are Kepler's three laws of planetary motion?

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The force due to gravity has the mathematical form: $F=-\frac{G M m}{r^{2}}$

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According to Kepler's third law,a planet's orbital period is equal to its average distance from the Sun .

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Kepler's three laws of planetary motion ...
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