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In accordance with the law of supply, both individual and market supply curves are drawn:


A) horizontal.
B) vertical.
C) downward-sloping.
D) upward-sloping.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Exhibit 3-8  Demand and Supply Data for Video Games

Price

Quantity Demanded

of Video Games

Quantity Supplied

of Video Games

$75

400

900

70

450

850

65

500

800

60

550

750

55

600

700

50

650

650

45

700

600

40

750

550

-Exhibit 3-8  Demand and Supply Data for Video Games Exhibit 3-8  Demand and Supply Data for Video Games  <table border= 1  cellspacing= 0  cellpadding= 0  style= border: currentcolor; > <tr style= height: 12.75pt; > <td valign= top  style= background: #ffffca; height: 12.75pt; width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 1.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; >Price</td> <td valign= top  style= background: #ffffca; height: 12.75pt; width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: black black black #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; >Quantity Demanded<p style= text-align: center; >of Video Games</td> <td valign= top  style= background: #ffffca; height: 12.75pt; width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 1pt 1.5pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: black black black #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; >Quantity Supplied<p style= text-align: center; >of Video Games</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >$75</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >400</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >900</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >70</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >450</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >850</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >65</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >500</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >800</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >60</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >550</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >750</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >55</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >600</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >700</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >50</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >650</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >650</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 1.5pt; border-style: none solid; border-color: #000000 black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >45</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >700</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 0px 0px; border-style: none solid none none; border-color: #000000 black #000000 #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >600</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign= top  style= width: 76.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 1.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: #000000 black black; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >40</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: #000000 black black #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >750</span></td> <td valign= top  style= width: 1.8in; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-width: 0px 1.5pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: #000000 black black #000000; text-align: left; > <p style= text-align: center; ><span style= font-size: 11pt; >550</span></td> </tr> </table> -Exhibit 3-8  Demand and Supply Data for Video Games   In Exhibit 3-8, at any market price of video games above $50, a(n)  ______________ would result, causing price to __________. A)  excess demand; rise B)  excess supply; rise C)  excess demand; fall D)  excess supply; fall In Exhibit 3-8, at any market price of video games above $50, a(n) ______________ would result, causing price to __________.


A) excess demand; rise
B) excess supply; rise
C) excess demand; fall
D) excess supply; fall

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following would decrease the supply of airline travel?


A) Reduced number of airline travelers.
B) New airline companies beginning operations.
C) Higher fuel costs.
D) Lower prices for airline tickets.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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C

Exhibit 3-3 Demand curves Exhibit 3-3 Demand curves   -Assume that crackers and soup are complementary goods. Which of the graphs in Exhibit 3-3 depicts the effect of a promotional discount that decreases the price of crackers on the demand for soup? A)  Graph A. B)  Graph B. C)  Graph C. D)  Graph D. -Assume that crackers and soup are complementary goods. Which of the graphs in Exhibit 3-3 depicts the effect of a promotional discount that decreases the price of crackers on the demand for soup?


A) Graph A.
B) Graph B.
C) Graph C.
D) Graph D.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Exhibit 3-1 Market Demand Exhibit 3-1 Market Demand   Suppose there are only three people in the economy: Jane, Harry, and Bob. The individual demand for corn for each of these consumers is given in Exhibit 3-1. The total quantity demanded of corn if the market price is $5 is A)  3. B)  25. C)  17. D)  26. Suppose there are only three people in the economy: Jane, Harry, and Bob. The individual demand for corn for each of these consumers is given in Exhibit 3-1. The total quantity demanded of corn if the market price is $5 is


A) 3.
B) 25.
C) 17.
D) 26.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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If equilibrium is present in a market:


A) there is either a shortage or a surplus.
B) the quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
C) the quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied.
D) the quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A technological improvement in producing good A would cause:


A) a shift to the right of the supply curve for A.
B) a shift to the left of the supply curve for A.
C) a movement upward and to the right along the supply curve for A.
D) a movement downward and to the left along the supply curve for A.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Exhibit 3-5 Supply for Tucker's Cola Data

Quantity supplied per week
(millions of gallons)

Price per
gallon

6

$3.00

5

  2.50

4

  2.00

3

  1.50

2

  1.00

1

    .50

In reference to Exhibit 3-5, assume the price of Tucker's Cola is $1.00 per gallon. If the price were to rise to $3.00 per gallon, and all other factors, such as taxes, etc. remained constant, the result would be a(n) :


A) decrease in supply.
B) increase in supply.
C) decrease in quantity supplied.
D) increase in quantity supplied.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following could cause the supply of carrots to decrease?


A) Consumers' incomes decrease.
B) There is a technological advance in carrot production.
C) Fertilizer costs increase.
D) The number of farmers growing carrots increases.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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We can find the market demand for pears by:


A) adding all the prices people are willing to pay for pears.
B) multiplying the number of people times the price of pears.
C) adding the number of pears that producers are willing to sell.
D) adding the individual demand curves for pears.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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An increase in demand:


A) results in a leftward shift of the demand curve.
B) could be caused by a decrease in the price of the good.
C) could be caused by an increase in the price of a substitute good.
D) is shown as movement down along a demand curve.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Distinguish the laws of demand and supply. How are the laws of demand and supply illustrated graphically?

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The law of demand states that there is a...

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Which of the following will reduce the supply of motorcycles?


A) An increase in the population age 16 to 35, the primary consumers of motorcycles.
B) An increase in taxes imposed on motorcycle producers.
C) A technological improvement reducing the production costs of motorcycles.
D) A government study that reveals motorcycle riders, on average, live 10 years longer than those who don't ride motorcycles.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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According to the law of supply, when will lower corn prices decrease the quantity supplied of corn?


A) always
B) when demand is fixed
C) when technology improves
D) when there are no shortages nor surpluses in the corn market

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A rightward shift of a demand curve is called a(n) :


A) increase in demand.
B) decrease in demand.
C) increase in quantity demanded.
D) decrease in quantity demanded.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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A

According to the law of demand, when will higher corn prices reduce the quantity demanded of corn?


A) Always.
B) When the supply of corn is fixed.
C) When nonprice determinants, like income and the number of buyers, are unchanged.
D) When there are no shortages or surpluses of corn.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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C

Which of the following will not shift the demand curve for grapefruit to the right?


A) An announcement that eating a grapefruit before every meal will induce weight loss.
B) A technical development that allows machines to replace the workers who harvest grapefruit.
C) The price of oranges, a substitute good, increases.
D) Consumer incomes increase and grapefruit is a normal good.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following events would increase the supply of tomatoes?


A) A decrease in the price of pasta products.
B) An increase in wages for the tomato pickers.
C) A decrease in the cost of fertilizers for the tomato plants.
D) Unseasonably hot, dry weather in the tomato-growing regions of the nation.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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The most plausible reason why changes in the price of cotton can cause shifts in the supply curve for tobacco is:


A) cigarette smokers often wear cotton shirts.
B) when incomes rise, people consume more cotton and tobacco.
C) firms can switch from growing tobacco to cotton and vice versa.
D) tobacco is an input in the production of cotton.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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If Congress decides to reduce the tax per pack paid by sellers of cigarettes, other things being equal, the price of cigarettes will fall. This fall in prices can be attributed a(n) :


A) upward movement along the supply curve for cigarettes.
B) rightward shift of the supply curve for cigarettes.
C) downward movement along the demand curve for cigarettes.
D) leftward shift of the supply curve for cigarettes.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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