Question 1

_____ proposed that if a substance could be broken down into simpler substances, it was not an element.

Accepted Answer

A)   Robert Boyle
B)   Nicholas Copernicus
C)   John Dalton
D)   Andreas Vesalius
E)   Galileo GalileiF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Which two scientists are credited with the endorsement of a sun-centered universe?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dalton and Plato
B)   Boyle and Copernicus
C)   Copernicus and Galileo
D)   Democritus and VesaliusE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

Which of these statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The compositions of both mixtures and pure substances are variable.
B)   The compositions of both mixtures and pure substances are fixed.
C)   The composition of mixtures is variable, and the composition of pure substances is fixed.
D)   The composition of mixtures is fixed, and the composition of pure substances is variable.
E)   The compositions of both mixtures and pure substances can be fixed or variable.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of these are pure substances?
I. Steam
II. Crude oil
III. Salt water
IV. Gun powder
V. Oxygen
VI. Mercury

Accepted Answer

A)   I, II, and III
B)   I and III
C)   I, II, III, and V
D)   I, III, and V
E)   I, V, and VIF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

A bowl of chocolate chip ice cream is best described as  a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   pure substance containing only elements
B)   homogenous mixture of elements
C)   heterogeneous mixture compounds
D)   pure substance containing only compounds
E)   heterogeneous mixture of elementsF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Which of these substances are compounds?
I. Neon
II. Crude oil
III. Water
IV. Sodium chloride

Accepted Answer

A)   I
B)   I and III
C)   II, III, and IV
D)   III and IV
E)   II and IVF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Identify the entities that will correctly complete the flow chart.

Accepted Answer

A)   I
B)   II
C)   III
D)   IV
E)   VF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of these sets of masses for nitrogen dioxide is not consistent with the others according to the Law of Constant Composition?

Accepted Answer

A)   I
B)   II
C)   III
D)   IV
E)   VF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 9

Which of these statements is true ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gases are compressible and have a variable shape.
B)   Gases are incompressible and have a variable shape.
C)   Gases are compressible and have a fixed shape.
D)   Gases are incompressible and have a fixed shape.
E)   Gases are incompressible and can have a fixed or a variable shape.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following scientists  is responsible for establishing the concept of a nuclear atom?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rutherford
B)   Proust
C)   Dalton
D)   Lavoisier
E)   GalileoF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Carbon and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide. What is the mass of carbon dioxide produced when 12.0 g of carbon react with 32.0 g of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)   44 g
B)   38 g
C)   28 g
D)   20 g
E)   2.67 gF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Which of these statements about the scientific method is incorrect ?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a collection of absolute truths.
B)   It uses experiments that are reproducible.
C)   It is used for testing claims about the natural world.
D)   It requires one to propose a theory and perform experiments to obtain results that confirm or disclaim the theory.
E)   It  leads to a model of reality from a set of observations.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not true of a chemical compound ?

Accepted Answer

A)   A chemical compound is composed of two or more elements.
B)   A chemical compound is a pure substance.
C)   A chemical compound has a fixed composition.
D)   A chemical compound has a variable composition.
E)   The elements present in a compound are different from one another.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

If 12.0 g of carbon react with 32.0 g of oxygen to form 44.0 g of carbon dioxide, which of these statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   18.0 g of carbon is needed to form 66.0 g of carbon dioxide.
B)   48.0 g of oxygen is needed to form 66.0 g of carbon dioxide.
C)   48.0 g of carbon is needed to form 132.0 g of carbon dioxide.
D)   96.0 g of oxygen is needed to form 132.0 g of carbon dioxide.
E)   36.0 g of carbon is needed to form 132.0 g of carbon dioxide.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Which of these statements best explains the law of constant composition?

Accepted Answer

A)   All atoms of a given element have the same weight.
B)   Atoms of different elements combine in fixed whole number ratios.
C)   The weight of an object is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
D)   All samples of a given compound have the same proportion of constituent elements.
E)   The sum of the masses of the reactants equals the sum of the masses of the products in a normal chemical reaction.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

The scientific revolution of the 1500s was marked by a move away from _____ and towards _____ as a method for explaining the natural world.

Accepted Answer

A)   law; theory
B)   alchemy; research
C)   reason; observation
D)   scientific theory; experimentation
E)   observation; experimentationF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 17

The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier found that the weight of objects before burning and the weight of the products after burning were equal. He noticed that the total weight did not change during a process. Which of these best describes the scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lavoisier arrived at  a scientific law from observation.
B)   Lavoisier arrived at  a scientific theory from observation. .
C)   Lavoisier arrived at  a scientific theory from a scientific law.
D)   Lavoisier arrived at a scientific law from a scientific theory.
E)   Lavoisier arrived at a scientific conclusion from observation.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 18

The smallest unit of a chemical compound is  a(n)  _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   atom
B)   molecule
C)   beta particle
D)   alpha particle
E)   ionF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following laws best illustrates the following statement? Regardless of the amount of fluorine available, 23 g of sodium always combines with 19 g of fluorine.

Accepted Answer

A)   Law of Constant Composition
B)   Law of Conservation of Mass
C)   Dalton's Atomic Theory
D)   Law of Mass Action
E)   Lavoisier's LawF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

A substance composed of two or more different elements in fixed proportions is known as a(n)  _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   atom
B)   element
C)   molecule
D)   ion
E)   compoundF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 1: Molecular Reasons

A substance composed of two or more different elements in fixed proportions is known as a(n) _____.

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Which of these substances are compounds? I. Neon II. Crude oil III. Water IV. Sodium chloride

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Which of these statements best explains the law of constant composition?

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Which of these statements is true?

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The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier found that the weight of objects before burning and the weight of the products after burning were equal. He noticed that the total weight did not change during a process. Which of these best describes the scenario?

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The scientific revolution of the 1500s was marked by a move away from _____ and towards _____ as a method for explaining the natural world.

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Which of these statements about the scientific method is incorrect ?

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Which of these statements is true ?

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_____ proposed that if a substance could be broken down into simpler substances, it was not an element.

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The smallest unit of a chemical compound is a(n) _____.

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If 12.0 g of carbon react with 32.0 g of oxygen to form 44.0 g of carbon dioxide, which of these statements is false?

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Which of these are pure substances? I. Steam II. Crude oil III. Salt water IV. Gun powder V. Oxygen VI. Mercury

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Identify the entities that will correctly complete the flow chart.

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Which two scientists are credited with the endorsement of a sun-centered universe?

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Which of the following statements is not true of a chemical compound ?

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Which of the following scientists is responsible for establishing the concept of a nuclear atom?

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Which of the following laws best illustrates the following statement? Regardless of the amount of fluorine available, 23 g of sodium always combines with 19 g of fluorine.

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Which of these sets of masses for nitrogen dioxide is not consistent with the others according to the Law of Constant Composition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide. What is the mass of carbon dioxide produced when 12.0 g of carbon react with 32.0 g of oxygen?

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A bowl of chocolate chip ice cream is best described as a _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The scientific revolution of the 1500s was marked by a move away from _ and towards _ as a method for explaining the natural world.

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