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The acquistion of ____________ allows integrations of knowledge across the other core domains.


A) knowledge of physical properties of objects
B) number
C) space
D) language

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Current evidence seems to lean towards the idea of …


A) a gradual continuous process by which children learn to categorise
B) a process in which language development precedes object perception
C) a two-stage process of categorisation development involving two separate systems
D) a process in which categorisation development proceeds by a series of jumps and spurts

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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An interpretation of experimental results which avers that infants display symbolic representation and reasoning could be called …


A) an 'enriched' interpretation
B) a 'symbolic' interpretation
C) a 'perceptual' interpretation
D) a 'rich' interpretation

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Encountering a new breed of dog and already knowing some information about it because it is a dog is an example of …


A) number knowledge
B) categorisation
C) knowledge of objects
D) perception

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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B

Replication of studies is most important for …


A) observation
B) interpretation
C) verification
D) evaluation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A rich interpretation of the disappearing doll study would be that …


A) infants have the ability to recognise contour lines
B) infants have the ability to see objects such as dolls
C) infants have the ability to perceive surface area
D) infants have the ability to add and subtract precisely

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Infants seem to use the ______ of an animal as the main clue to categorise it.


A) Face
B) Head
C) Body
D) Tail

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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EEG studies that showed infants a ball which either gradually became hidden or disappeared helped establish ____________________ at an earlier age than Piaget proposed.


A) incorrect response inhibition
B) object permanence
C) reasoning
D) symbolic representation

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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B

Four-month-old infants …


A) recognise invidual features of an animal's body
B) recognise all of the integrated features of an animal combined
C) recognise only animal faces
D) recognise legs and the tail more than other body features in animals

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Categorisation that develops beyond what is perceived visually is aided by:


A) number knowledge
B) language
C) knowledge of objects
D) auditory cues

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The idea infants possess some innate knowledge which helps to guide their acquisition of more knowledge is called …


A) constructivism
B) core knowledge
C) dynamic systems
D) neuroconstructivsm

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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B

The idea that young infants do not think objects exist if they cannot perceive them is called …


A) violation-of-expectation
B) object permanence
C) object categorisation
D) constructivism

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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In the drawbridge study, infants …


A) looked longer at the possible event
B) looked longer at the novel event
C) looked for the same amount of time at both events
D) looked longer at the impossible event

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The idea that the act of reaching for an object was a part of the object's identity in the infant's mind was proposed by …


A) Piaget
B) Diamond
C) Kaufman
D) Haith

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The appearance and disappearance of dolls on a stage in one study helped to argue that infants are capable of …


A) violation-of-expectation
B) object permanence
C) habituation
D) numerosity

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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In the A not B task, young infants will …


A) lose interest in searching for the object
B) search for an object where it was just hidden, not where it was usually hidden
C) search for an object in the place it is usually hidden; not where it was just hidden
D) only search for the object if it is partially visible

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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According to Diamond, failure at the A not B task could be due to inability to have both object permanence and ________________________.


A) development of executive funcion
B) inhibition of correct responses
C) inhibition of incorrect responses
D) inhibition of responses

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The dynamic systems view does NOT claim that …


A) the hiding locations compete for the infant's attention
B) a stronger memory can overide a novel visual cue
C) infants will always look in the wrong spot for a hidden object if allowed to look without delay
D) the child's interaction with the task depends on several factors

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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That two-year-olds have trouble with the A not B task in a sandbox agrees most with …


A) dynamic systems
B) constructivism
C) core knowledge
D) memory failure theory

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Infants are considered to have underdeveloped ______________.


A) object recognition
B) perceptual abilities
C) executive functions
D) space perception

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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