A) When it does not break any of one's agreements
B) When it respects the rights and autonomy of others
C) When it is permitted by the rules that free, equal, and rational people would agree to
D) When it maximizes the well-being of all involved
F) All of the above
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A) whenever it is in one's self-interest to do so.
B) whenever a law is grossly unjust.
C) whenever the law is unpopular.
D) never.
F) None of the above
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B
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A prisoner's dilemma is a situation in g...View Answer
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A) to aid our escape from the state of nature.
B) to make sure everyone is as well off as possible.
C) to punish people who cause harm.
D) None of the above
F) A) and B)
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A) All criminal trials must follow a rigorous procedure in order to be fair.
B) Ethical theorizing should begin with our deeply held moral judgments.
C) Ethical theorizing should begin by identifying a method for distinguishing right from wrong.
D) Ethical theory is an empty formality.
F) A) and B)
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Thomas Hobbes, a 17th-century philosophe...View Answer
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The proceduralist approach to ethics foc...View Answer
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A) Whenever doing so is in one's self-interest
B) Whenever most others consistently fail to abide by them
C) Whenever doing so will maximize utility
D) Never
F) B) and C)
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A) rule consequentialism.
B) the principle of universalizability.
C) contractarianism.
D) All of the above
F) B) and D)
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A) Whenever a law is grossly unjust
B) Whenever it is in one's long-term self-interest
C) Always
D) Never
F) None of the above
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The veil of ignorance is a concept intro...View Answer
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A) personal opinion.
B) the law.
C) conventional wisdom.
D) None of the above
F) B) and C)
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Contractarians generally take a skeptical attitude toward the state, viewing it as a necessary evil rather than a positive force. They believe that individuals come together to form a social contract, giving up some of their freedoms in exchange for protection and security provided by the state. However, they also believe that the state should be limited in its power and authority, and that individuals should have the right to challenge and resist the state if it oversteps its bounds.
According to contractarianism, state power can be justified through the consent of the governed, as long as it is used to protect the rights and freedoms of individuals. The state's authority is derived from the voluntary agreement of its citizens, and it is legitimate only as long as it serves the common good and respects individual rights.
In terms of breaking the law, contractarianism allows for the possibility of civil disobedience in certain circumstances. If the state violates the terms of the social contract by infringing on individual rights or acting unjustly, individuals may be justified in breaking the law as a form of protest or resistance. However, this should be done with careful consideration of the potential consequences and with the goal of bringing about positive change within the system.
Overall, contractarianism acknowledges the importance of the state in providing order and security, but also emphasizes the need for limitations on state power and the right of individuals to challenge and resist unjust authority.
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A) They are a matter of personal opinion.
B) They are a matter of societal convention.
C) They are objective.
D) There are no moral rules, according to contractarianism.
F) All of the above
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A) all people benefit if all people refrain from pursuing their short-term interests.
B) all people benefit if all people pursue their short-term interests.
C) every possible course of action ends up harming everyone.
D) there is no possible action that does not break the law.
F) A) and C)
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A) It explains the objectivity of morality.
B) It justifies the content of basic moral rules.
C) It ensures everyone is as well off as possible.
D) It implies a basic moral duty to obey the law.
F) A) and B)
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C
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A) by assuming that morality does not exist unless we can prove that it does.
B) by assuming the truth of our most deeply held moral judgments.
C) by identifying a method for determining right from wrong.
D) only once we have settled contentious political issues.
F) A) and B)
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