Question 1

Gaunilo of Marmoutiers attempted to refute St. Anselm's ontological argument with an analogy to the most perfect

Accepted Answer

A)   turtle.
B)   king.
C)   island.
D)   wine.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The principle of sufficient reason claims that

Accepted Answer

A)   every explanation must be fully sufficient.
B)   no explanation can be fully sufficient.
C)   every fact has an explanation.
D)   no fact has an explanation.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

In detail, explain the ontological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Accepted Answer

The ontological argument is a philosophi...

Question 4

Ontology is a branch of philosophy concerned with

Accepted Answer

A)   divine attributes.
B)   existence.
C)   knowledge.
D)   ethics.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Charles Darwin explains the order in the world by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   artificial selection.
B)   natural selection.
C)   artificial design.
D)   natural design.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Evidential arguments claim to be

Accepted Answer

A)   true.
B)   false.
C)   useful.
D)   irrelevant.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

What sort of argument shows a claim to be false by first assuming it is true and then deriving a contradiction from that assumption?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deductive
B)   Inductive
C)   Abductive
D)   Reductio ad absurdumE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Pragmatic arguments claim to be

Accepted Answer

A)   true.
B)   false.
C)   useful.
D)   irrelevant.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

William Paley's design argument is an example of which of the following types of argumentation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deduction
B)   Induction
C)   Abduction
D)   Reductio ad absurdumE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

David Hume gave reasons to suggest the Design Argument may not prove that God has which of the following attributes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Omniscience
B)   Omnipotent
C)   Perfect moral goodness.
D)   All of the above.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following correctly states a central premise of the design argument: Many of the parts of plants and animals

Accepted Answer

A)   have no function.
B)   have a function.
C)   are poorly designed.
D)   have no clear design.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

A causal chain is a sequence of events

Accepted Answer

A)   where each event in the sequence is caused by the previous event in the sequence.
B)   where all events in the sequence are caused by one initial cause.
C)   without any unique cause.
D)   linked together in an unbroken chain.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In detail, explain the argument from design, including major objections that have been made against it.

Accepted Answer

The argument from design, also known as ...

Question 14

Which of the following is an objection to Leibniz's Cosmological Argument?

Accepted Answer

A)   God might not be omniscient.
B)   the universe might not be an ordered cosmos.
C)   the principle of sufficient reason might not be true.
D)   None of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

W. K. Clifford argued that it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone to believe anything on insufficient evidence. His critics have claimed that this argument fails owing to

Accepted Answer

A)   overgeneralization.
B)   not properly using the principle of sufficient reason.
C)   begging the question.
D)   post hoc, ergo propter hoc.E) All of the above
F) A) and D) A

Question 16

Even if God is the first cause of the universe, it does not follow that God is

Accepted Answer

A)   omnipotent.
B)   omniscient.
C)   perfectly good.
D)   All of the above.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above D

Question 17

In detail, explain the first cause argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Accepted Answer

The first cause argument, also known as ...

Question 18

An atheist believes

Accepted Answer

A)   God exists.
B)   God exists, but is not omniscient.
C)   God doesn't exist.
D)   no one can know whether or not God exists.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

In detail, explain the cosmological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Accepted Answer

The cosmological argument is a philosoph...

Question 20

Explain the benefits (and costs) of theism.

Accepted Answer

Theism, the belief in the existence of a higher power or deity, has both benefits and costs.

Benefits of theism include a sense of purpose and meaning in life. Believers often find comfort in the idea that there is a higher power guiding and watching over them. This can provide a sense of security and hope, especially in difficult times. Theism also offers a moral framework for many people, providing guidelines for ethical behavior and a sense of accountability to a higher power.

On the other hand, there are also costs associated with theism. Some may argue that theism can lead to close-mindedness and intolerance towards those who hold different beliefs. Additionally, theism can sometimes be used to justify harmful actions or discrimination in the name of religion. There is also the potential for conflict and division between different religious groups, as history has shown.

Ultimately, the benefits and costs of theism are subjective and can vary greatly from person to person. It is important to approach the topic with an open mind and respect for differing beliefs.

Exam 3: Does God Exist?

Gaunilo of Marmoutiers attempted to refute St. Anselm's ontological argument with an analogy to the most perfect

Correct Answer
verified

The principle of sufficient reason claims that

Correct Answer
verified

In detail, explain the ontological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The ontological argument is a philosophi...
View Answer

Ontology is a branch of philosophy concerned with

Correct Answer
verified

Charles Darwin explains the order in the world by means of

Correct Answer
verified

Evidential arguments claim to be

Correct Answer
verified

What sort of argument shows a claim to be false by first assuming it is true and then deriving a contradiction from that assumption?

Correct Answer
verified

Pragmatic arguments claim to be

Correct Answer
verified

William Paley's design argument is an example of which of the following types of argumentation?

Correct Answer
verified

David Hume gave reasons to suggest the Design Argument may not prove that God has which of the following attributes?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly states a central premise of the design argument: Many of the parts of plants and animals

Correct Answer
verified

A causal chain is a sequence of events

Correct Answer
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In detail, explain the argument from design, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The argument from design, also known as ...
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Which of the following is an objection to Leibniz's Cosmological Argument?

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W. K. Clifford argued that it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone to believe anything on insufficient evidence. His critics have claimed that this argument fails owing to

Correct Answer
verified
A

Even if God is the first cause of the universe, it does not follow that God is

Correct Answer
verified
D

In detail, explain the first cause argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The first cause argument, also known as ...
View Answer

An atheist believes

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In detail, explain the cosmological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The cosmological argument is a philosoph...
View Answer

Explain the benefits (and costs) of theism.

Exam 3: Does God Exist?

Gaunilo of Marmoutiers attempted to refute St. Anselm's ontological argument with an analogy to the most perfect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principle of sufficient reason claims that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In detail, explain the ontological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe ontological argument is a philosophi...View AnswerShow Answer

Ontology is a branch of philosophy concerned with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Charles Darwin explains the order in the world by means of

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Evidential arguments claim to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What sort of argument shows a claim to be false by first assuming it is true and then deriving a contradiction from that assumption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pragmatic arguments claim to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

William Paley's design argument is an example of which of the following types of argumentation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

David Hume gave reasons to suggest the Design Argument may not prove that God has which of the following attributes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly states a central premise of the design argument: Many of the parts of plants and animals

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A causal chain is a sequence of events

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In detail, explain the argument from design, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe argument from design, also known as ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is an objection to Leibniz's Cosmological Argument?

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W. K. Clifford argued that it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone to believe anything on insufficient evidence. His critics have claimed that this argument fails owing to

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Even if God is the first cause of the universe, it does not follow that God is

Correct AnswerverifiedD

In detail, explain the first cause argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe first cause argument, also known as ...View AnswerShow Answer

An atheist believes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In detail, explain the cosmological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe cosmological argument is a philosoph...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain the benefits (and costs) of theism.

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The ontological argument is a philosophi...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The argument from design, also known as ...
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Correct Answer
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A

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D

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The first cause argument, also known as ...
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Correct Answer
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The cosmological argument is a philosoph...
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