Question 1

Which of the following statements about healthcare-associated infections is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They occur in compromised patients.
B)  They may be caused by opportunists.
C)  They may be caused by drug-resistant bacteria.
D)  They may be caused by normal microbiota.
E)  The patient was infected before hospitalization.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a verified exception in the use of Koch's postulates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some diseases have poorly defined etiologies.
B)  Some pathogens can cause several disease conditions.
C)  Some human diseases have no other known animal host.
D)  Some diseases are not caused by microbes.
E)  Some diseases are noncommunicable.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

In which of the following patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  prodromal
B)  decline
C)  convalescence
D)  incubation
E)  both incubation and convalescenceF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

A disease in which the causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  subacute.
B)  subclinical.
C)  latent.
D)  zoonotic.
E)  acute.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following can contribute to postoperative infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  using syringes more than once
B)  normal microbiota on the operating room staff
C)  errors in aseptic technique
D)  antibiotic resistance
E)  All of the answers are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotic resistance.
B)  climatic changes.
C)  new strains of previously known agents.
D)  ease of travel.
E)  The emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of these.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antimicrobial therapy for hemodialysis-associated infections increases antibiotic resistance.
B)  S) aureus is differentiated from other mannitol+ cocci by the coagulase test.
C)  The M in MRSA stands for mannitol.
D)  The USA100 strain accounts for most hospital-acquired MRSA.
E)  The USA300 strain accounts for most community-acquired MRSA.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following is a fomite?

Accepted Answer

A)  water
B)  droplets from a sneeze
C)  pus
D)  insects
E)  a hypodermic needleF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

Situation 14.1

During a six-month period, 239 cases of pneumonia occurred in a town of 300 people. A clinical case was defined as fever ≥ 39°C lasting >2 days with three or more symptoms (i.e., chills, sweats, severe headache, cough, aching muscles/joints, fatigue, or feeling ill) . A laboratory-confirmed case was defined as a positive result for antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Before the outbreak, 2000 sheep were kept northwest of the town. Of the 20 sheep tested from the flock, 15 were positive for C. burnetii antibodies. Wind blew from the northwest, and rainfall was 0.5 cm compared with 7 to 10 cm during each of the previous three years.

-Situation 14.1 is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  human reservoirs.
B)  a zoonosis.
C)  a nonliving reservoir.
D)  a vector.
E)  a focal infection.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Reservoirs of infections are always inanimate objects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  endemic: a disease that is constantly present in a population
B)  epidemic: a disease that is constantly present across the world
C)  pandemic: a disease that affects a large number of people in the world in a short time
D)  sporadic: a disease that affects a population occasionally
E)  incidence: number of new cases of a diseaseF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

A healthcare-associated infection (traditionally known as a nosocomial infection) is

Accepted Answer

A)  always present,but is inapparent at the time of hospitalization.
B)  acquired during the course of hospitalization.
C)  always caused by medical personnel.
D)  only a result of surgery.
E)  always caused by pathogenic bacteria.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery.This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  communicable disease.
B)  latent infection.
C)  nosocomial infection.
D)  sporadic disease.
E)  None of the answers is correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Bloodstream infections are the least common forms of nosocomial infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  acute: a short-lasting primary infection
B)  inapparent: infection characteristic of a carrier state
C)  chronic: a disease that develops slowly and lasts for months
D)  primary infection: an initial illness
E)  secondary infection: a long-lasting illnessF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by droplet infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  botulism
B)  tuberculosis
C)  measles
D)  the common cold
E)  diphtheriaF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Refer to Figure 14.3 for the next several questions.
 
-The graph in Figure 14.3 shows the incidence of polio in the United States.The period between 1945 and 1955 indicates a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  endemic level.
B)  epidemic level.
C)  sporadic infection.
D)  communicable disease.
E)  pandemic.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Zika virus infection,a zoonotic disease,produced somewhat sizable outbreaks recently in certain areas of Central America,but not in the U.S (although there were some infected individuals uncovered in the U.S.).Provide two plausible explanations for this dichotomy,and explain.

Accepted Answer

There are two plausible explanations for...

Question 19

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  malaria - foodborne transmission
B)  salmonellosis - vehicle transmission
C)  syphilis - direct contact
D)  influenza - droplet infectionE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

Situation 14.1

During a six-month period, 239 cases of pneumonia occurred in a town of 300 people. A clinical case was defined as fever ≥ 39°C lasting >2 days with three or more symptoms (i.e., chills, sweats, severe headache, cough, aching muscles/joints, fatigue, or feeling ill) . A laboratory-confirmed case was defined as a positive result for antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Before the outbreak, 2000 sheep were kept northwest of the town. Of the 20 sheep tested from the flock, 15 were positive for C. burnetii antibodies. Wind blew from the northwest, and rainfall was 0.5 cm compared with 7 to 10 cm during each of the previous three years.

-The etiologic agent of the disease in Situation 14.1 is

Accepted Answer

A)  sheep.
B)  soil.
C)  Coxiella burnetii.
D)  pneumonia.
E)  wind.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Exam 14: Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer
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In which of the following patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by droplet infection?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Reservoirs of infections are always inanimate objects.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer
verified

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery.This is an example of a

Correct Answer
verified

Zika virus infection,a zoonotic disease,produced somewhat sizable outbreaks recently in certain areas of Central America,but not in the U.S (although there were some infected individuals uncovered in the U.S.).Provide two plausible explanations for this dichotomy,and explain.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
There are two plausible explanations for...
View Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following can contribute to postoperative infections?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is NOT a verified exception in the use of Koch's postulates?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a fomite?

Correct Answer
verified

A disease in which the causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Bloodstream infections are the least common forms of nosocomial infections.

Correct Answer
verified

A healthcare-associated infection (traditionally known as a nosocomial infection) is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to Figure 14.3 for the next several questions. -The graph in Figure 14.3 shows the incidence of polio in the United States.The period between 1945 and 1955 indicates a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about healthcare-associated infections is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by droplet infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reservoirs of infections are always inanimate objects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery.This is an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zika virus infection,a zoonotic disease,produced somewhat sizable outbreaks recently in certain areas of Central America,but not in the U.S (although there were some infected individuals uncovered in the U.S.).Provide two plausible explanations for this dichotomy,and explain.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThere are two plausible explanations for...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can contribute to postoperative infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a verified exception in the use of Koch's postulates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a fomite?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disease in which the causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bloodstream infections are the least common forms of nosocomial infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A healthcare-associated infection (traditionally known as a nosocomial infection) is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 14.3 for the next several questions. -The graph in Figure 14.3 shows the incidence of polio in the United States.The period between 1945 and 1955 indicates a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about healthcare-associated infections is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
There are two plausible explanations for...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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