Question 1

T-cell response to T-cell-dependent antigens requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  typically a protein antigen
B)  binding of T-cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage
C)  binding of T-cell to a site on the antigen
D)  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Herd immunity involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  maintaining a certain level of immunized individuals in a society to prevent a pathogen from circulating through the population
B)  keeping bovine diseases to a minimum so they do not spread to the human population
C)  encouraging individuals to work and live in close proximity to each other to prevent spread of a disease outside of a population
D)  maintaining a 100% vaccination rate among farm workers to prevent the spread of zoonotic diseasesE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The hinge region of an antibody has a hypervariable amino acid region where the antigenic determinant fits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutralization
B)  Opsonization
C)  Complement fixation
D)  Agglutination
E)  Anamnestic responseF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Live,attenuated vaccines ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  include the Sabin polio vaccine
B)  include the measles,mumps,rubella vaccine (MMR) 
C)  contain viable microbes that can multiply in the person
D)  require smaller doses and fewer boosters compared to inactivated vaccines
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutralization
B)  Opsonization
C)  Complement fixation
D)  Agglutination
E)  Memory responseF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

What process provides many B cells and T cells that are activated against specific antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigen expression
B)  Antibody production
C)  Clonal expansion
D)  Antigen presentation
E)  OpsonizationF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells
B)  Cytotoxic T cells
C)  Plasma cells
D)  Helper T cells
E)  Antigen-presenting cellsF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 11

After secreting antibodies during an immune response,plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

To exhibit high immunogenicity,an antigen would preferably________.

Accepted Answer

A)  originate in another organism
B)  be large in size
C)  have chemical complexity
D)  have cell surface markers not recognized as self
E)  All of the choices are features of a good antigen.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Gamma-delta T cells differ from other T cells in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they can be directly activated by PAMPs,whereas other T cells have to be presented with the antigen in conjunction with an MHC molecule on an antigen-presenting cell
B)  they do not have T cell-receptors to bind to antigens
C)  they do not produce memory cells,unlike the T helper and T cytotoxic cells
D)  they can react against cancer cells,whereas the other T cells can only target bacteria and viral-infected cellsE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

An example of natural passive immunity would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chickenpox infection followed by lifelong immunity
B)  chickenpox vaccine which triggers extended immunity to chickenpox
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease
D)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 15

A 2-week-old infant is brought to a family practice office for a scheduled visit. The parents appear anxious, as this is their first child. They express multiple concerns to the nurse about their son's sleep patterns, feeding, and crying. The RN provides empathetic listening and education to calm their fears, and they are receptive to the teaching. When the RN discusses vaccination with the parents, they refuse to vaccinate their son because they have heard vaccines can cause autism in children.
-Following education from the RN,the parents decide to have their son vaccinated.Which of the following is the most important part of the family history to elicit?

Accepted Answer

A)  Incidence of autism
B)  Food or drug allergies
C)  Dairy sensitivity
D)  Acute illness during pregnancyE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutralization
B)  Opsonization
C)  Complement fixation
D)  Agglutination
E)  Anamnestic responseF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Lymphocytes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self
B)  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens
C)  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self
D)  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of specificity
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  two identical heavy polypeptide chains
B)  two identical light polypeptide chains
C)  disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains
D)  four antigen binding sites
E)  a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chainF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

A 2-week-old infant is brought to a family practice office for a scheduled visit. The parents appear anxious, as this is their first child. They express multiple concerns to the nurse about their son's sleep patterns, feeding, and crying. The RN provides empathetic listening and education to calm their fears, and they are receptive to the teaching. When the RN discusses vaccination with the parents, they refuse to vaccinate their son because they have heard vaccines can cause autism in children.
-What kind of immunity will be conferred to the infant through vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)  Active natural immunity
B)  Passive natural immunity
C)  Passive artificial immunity
D)  Active artificial immunityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

A 6-year-old male is brought to his pediatrician's office with chickenpox. He has had symptoms for one week, and his mother is concerned about the patient's 8-year-old sister because she had a long, painful chickenpox infection 2 years prior. Of note, the patient was not vaccinated against chickenpox because his parents did not think it was a serious enough virus to warrant the pain of the injection.
-Which form of acquired immunity is the patient developing by having this infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Active natural immunity
B)  Passive natural immunity
C)  Active artificial immunity
D)  Passive artificial immunityE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 13: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Correct Answer
verified

After secreting antibodies during an immune response,plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

Correct Answer
verified

T-cell response to T-cell-dependent antigens requires ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Correct Answer
verified

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Correct Answer
verified

Herd immunity involves ________.

Correct Answer
verified

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

An example of natural passive immunity would be ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all the following except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Lymphocytes ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What process provides many B cells and T cells that are activated against specific antigens?

Correct Answer
verified

The hinge region of an antibody has a hypervariable amino acid region where the antigenic determinant fits.

Correct Answer
verified

Live,attenuated vaccines ________.

Correct Answer
verified

To exhibit high immunogenicity,an antigen would preferably________.

Correct Answer
verified

Gamma-delta T cells differ from other T cells in that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After secreting antibodies during an immune response,plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

T-cell response to T-cell-dependent antigens requires ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Herd immunity involves ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of natural passive immunity would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lymphocytes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What process provides many B cells and T cells that are activated against specific antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hinge region of an antibody has a hypervariable amino acid region where the antigenic determinant fits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Live,attenuated vaccines ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To exhibit high immunogenicity,an antigen would preferably________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamma-delta T cells differ from other T cells in that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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