Question 1

According to the utilitarian reasoning, if the benefits outweigh the costs, then the action is ethical because it produces:

Accepted Answer

A)   The greatest good for the greatest number of people.
B)   An equal amount of good for an equal number of people.
C)   The greatest good for a select number of people.
D)   An equal amount of good for the greatest number of people.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

A bottom-line mentality in business is reflected in which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I want it."
B)   "We have to beat the others at all costs."
C)   "Help yourself and those closest to you."
D)   "Foreigners have a funny notion of what's right and wrong."E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Scholars found that spirituality:

Accepted Answer

A)   Negatively affects employee and organizational performance.
B)   Positively affects employee and organizational performance.
C)   Has no affect on employee and organizational performance.
D)   Only affects the employee performance of not for profit organizations.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

How does a person's spirituality influence his/her ethical behavior? How have organizations responded to increased attention to spirituality and religion at work attempting to accommodate their employees?

Accepted Answer

A person's spirituality can greatly infl...

Question 5

People everywhere depend on ethical systems to tell them whether their actions are:

Accepted Answer

A)   Legal or illegal.
B)   Right or wrong.
C)   Financially attainable or not.
D)   Logical and reasonable judgment.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Why should business be ethical?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most people want to act in ways that are consistent with their own sense of right and wrong.
B)   Ethical behavior protects business firms from abuse by unethical employees and competitors.
C)   Society's stakeholders expect it from businesses.
D)   All of the above.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Business managers should use all four methods of ethical reasoning - virtues, utility, rights and justice - to better understand ethical issues at work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The main drawback to utilitarian reasoning is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   The majority may override the rights of those in the minority.
B)   Managers using this reasoning process often fail to consider the means taken to reach the end.
C)   It is difficulty to accurately measure both costs and benefits.
D)   Cost-benefit calculations can only be provided by accountants.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

If all people relied on ethical relativism, there would be no universal ethical standards on which people around the globe could agree.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 10

According to a 2009 opinion poll, Americans hold a dim view of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Organized labor.
B)   The Supreme Court.
C)   Churches.
D)   Wall Street executives.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

At the core of rights reasoning is the belief that:

Accepted Answer

A)   The company's right to a profit must be protected.
B)   Respecting others is the essence of human rights.
C)   The right to join a union is no longer universally accepted.
D)   Economic and political powers determine who is right.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is not true about justice reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)   The reasoner is interested in the net value of benefits.
B)   The reasoner considers who pays the costs and who receives the benefits.
C)   The reasoner seeks a fair distribution to all affected.
D)   The reasoner relies upon some accepted rule or standard.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

An ethical egoist acts for the benefit of others and sacrifices self-interest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 14

The U.S. Corporate Sentencing Guidelines provide a strong incentive for businesses to promote their ethics at work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act:

Accepted Answer

A)   Forces firms with inaccurate financial reporting into Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
B)   Does not hold auditing firms liable for their client's inaccurate account reporting.
C)   Requires executives to pay back bonuses based on earnings that are later proved fraudulent.
D)   Allows an auditing firm from providing the same client with non-auditing services.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Businesses are expected to be ethical in their relationships with:

Accepted Answer

A)   Stockholders.
B)   Customers.
C)   Competitors.
D)   All of the above.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

As business becomes increasingly global:

Accepted Answer

A)   It must turn to national laws for guidance.
B)   Ethical issues become issues of free trade.
C)   A global code of conduct will emerge for businesses.
D)   Cross-cultural contradictions will increase.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following examples best illustrate an ethics issue based on cross-cultural contradictions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Legally marketing a pesticide abroad that has been banned in the U.S.
B)   Circumventing government regulations to ensure company profits.
C)   Hiring child workers in violation of civil law.
D)   False and misleading advertising claims.E) None of the above
F) A) and D) A

Question 19

Business must develop its own definition of what is right and wrong, apart from ethics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Mature adults typically base their ethical reasoning on broad principles and relationships such as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Human rights and constitutional guarantees of human dignity.
B)   Universal principles of justice.
C)   Customs and traditions shown by their peers.
D)   Both A and B, but notE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 4: Ethics and Ethical Reasoning

According to the utilitarian reasoning, if the benefits outweigh the costs, then the action is ethical because it produces:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bottom-line mentality in business is reflected in which statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scholars found that spirituality:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does a person's spirituality influence his/her ethical behavior? How have organizations responded to increased attention to spirituality and religion at work attempting to accommodate their employees?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIA person's spirituality can greatly infl...View AnswerShow Answer

People everywhere depend on ethical systems to tell them whether their actions are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why should business be ethical?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Business managers should use all four methods of ethical reasoning - virtues, utility, rights and justice - to better understand ethical issues at work.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main drawback to utilitarian reasoning is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If all people relied on ethical relativism, there would be no universal ethical standards on which people around the globe could agree.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

According to a 2009 opinion poll, Americans hold a dim view of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the core of rights reasoning is the belief that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true about justice reasoning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ethical egoist acts for the benefit of others and sacrifices self-interest.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

The U.S. Corporate Sentencing Guidelines provide a strong incentive for businesses to promote their ethics at work.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Businesses are expected to be ethical in their relationships with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As business becomes increasingly global:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following examples best illustrate an ethics issue based on cross-cultural contradictions?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Business must develop its own definition of what is right and wrong, apart from ethics.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mature adults typically base their ethical reasoning on broad principles and relationships such as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Answered by ExamLex AI
A person's spirituality can greatly infl...
View Answer

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True

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False

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A

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