Question 1

_____ refers to gradually matching your sleep-waking cycle to a new time schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexithymia
B)  Adaptive homeostasis
C)  Attribution
D)  PreadaptationE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

In an early experiment by Cannon and Washburn, Washburn swallowed a balloon so that

Accepted Answer

A)  the balloon could prevent hunger by filling up the stomach.
B)  the balloon could be inflated and allow the recording of stomach contractions.
C)  the balloon would stop digestion, allowing the stomach to be examined.
D)  hunger could be controlled by controlling the stomach contractions.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

After eating a salty fish dinner, you are very thirsty for plain water, a condition described as

Accepted Answer

A)  intracellular thirst.
B)  extracellular thirst.
C)  primary thirst.
D)  secondary thirst.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

You and a friend play three hours of racquetball.Afterwards, you are most likely to prefer

Accepted Answer

A)  plain water.
B)  a slightly salty liquid.
C)  a beverage containing some alcohol.
D)  a sugary drink.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Regarding sex as a biological motive, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sex is not necessary for individual survival, but it is necessary for group survival.
B)  In lower mammals, the normal female is almost always ready to mate.
C)  In lower mammals, the normal male is interested in mating only when their fertility cycles are in the stage of estrus.
D)  The human sex drive is primarily homeostatic in nature.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Thirst and sleepiness are _____, while pain avoidance is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic; cyclical
B)  cyclical; episodic
C)  unaffected by external incentives; affected by external incentives
D)  affected by early experiences and learning; unaffected by early experiences and learningE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Regarding the effects of hormones on the human sex drive, which of the following is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hormones affect the human sex drive, but not as directly as in animals.
B)  The sex drive in women is related to both her estrogen and androgen levels.
C)  Testosterone levels decline with age; and taking testosterone supplements can restore the sex drive in both men and women.
D)  All of these statements are true.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

You have just eaten a large meal and feel extremely full.Then, the waiter tells you about their signature dessert, "Death by Chocolate." Your ordering of this dessert is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  drive reduction.
B)  an internal need.
C)  an incentive value.
D)  homeostasis.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following is a learned motive?

Accepted Answer

A)  power
B)  physical contact
C)  regulation of body temperature
D)  pain avoidanceE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Most people are more energetic, alert, and in a better mood at

Accepted Answer

A)  the high point of their circadian rhythms.
B)  the median point of their circadian rhythms.
C)  the low point of their circadian rhythms.
D)  varying points within their circadian rhythms depending on the season.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Regarding eating disorders in men, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  One third of men want less fat on their bodies, while another third want more muscle.
B)  Both men and women who suffer from eating disorders are extremely dissatisfied with their bodies.
C)  About 25 percent of the people with anorexia and five percent of those who are bulimic are men.
D)  Most people suffering from eating disorders will not seek help on their own, especially men, who perceive eating disorders to be a female problem.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Regarding pain tolerance, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  In general, we learn how to react to pain by observing family members' reactions to pain.
B)  Pain avoidance is considered a stimulus motive.
C)  Pain avoidance is episodic.
D)  Pain prompts us to avoid or to eliminate sources of discomfort.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

People who are_____ are obsessed with thoughts of weight, food, eating, and ridding themselves of food.As a result, they feel guilt, shame, self-contempt, and anxiety, that are reduced through vomiting, which makes this purging highly reinforcing.

Accepted Answer

A)  anorexic
B)  bulimic
C)  overweight
D)  morbidly obeseE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

_____ helps reset one's circadian rhythms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Staying indoors in artificial light during the initial shift
B)  Five-minute periods of exposure to bright light intermittently in the early morning
C)  Plenty of coffee and high energy drinks early in the morning
D)  All of theseE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Gorging on food and then vomiting or taking laxatives to avoid gaining weight is called

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral dieting.
B)  fad dieting.
C)  anorexia nervosa.
D)  bulimia nervosa.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which of the following is classified as a primary motive?

Accepted Answer

A)  aggression
B)  physical contact
C)  security
D)  pain avoidanceE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Regarding the set point, fat cells, and obesity, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obesity is overtaking smoking as a cause of needless deaths.
B)  The body replaces fat cells at roughly the rate they are lost, so the number of fat cells remains unchanged throughout adult life.
C)  In 2006, more than one-third of Americans could be classified as obese.
D)  All of these statements are true.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

People who have had their stomachs surgically removed

Accepted Answer

A)  report they still have hunger pangs.
B)  may fail to eat regularly.
C)  must be force fed.
D)  still experience hunger.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

In a study on preferred body shape, women with abnormal eating habits

Accepted Answer

A)  rated their body shape as being farther from their ideal weight than normal women did.
B)  chose as an ideal weight, one that was heavier than men prefer.
C)  chose as an ideal weight, one that is lighter than what they think men prefer, but heavier than what men actually do prefer.
D)  did not want to be thinner than what they thought men found attractive.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following statements is TRUE of drives?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their strength may differ from that of the need on which they are based.
B)  They are a biological state induced by internal incentives.
C)  They may be activated by responses as well as by needs.
D)  They result from satisfying a goal.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 10: Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Which of the following statements is TRUE of drives?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thirst and sleepiness are _____, while pain avoidance is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding eating disorders in men, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is classified as a primary motive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You and a friend play three hours of racquetball.Afterwards, you are most likely to prefer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the set point, fat cells, and obesity, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a learned motive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who have had their stomachs surgically removed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refers to gradually matching your sleep-waking cycle to a new time schedule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gorging on food and then vomiting or taking laxatives to avoid gaining weight is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an early experiment by Cannon and Washburn, Washburn swallowed a balloon so that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have just eaten a large meal and feel extremely full.Then, the waiter tells you about their signature dessert, "Death by Chocolate." Your ordering of this dessert is best explained by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding sex as a biological motive, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most people are more energetic, alert, and in a better mood at

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After eating a salty fish dinner, you are very thirsty for plain water, a condition described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding pain tolerance, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who are_____ are obsessed with thoughts of weight, food, eating, and ridding themselves of food.As a result, they feel guilt, shame, self-contempt, and anxiety, that are reduced through vomiting, which makes this purging highly reinforcing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ helps reset one's circadian rhythms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study on preferred body shape, women with abnormal eating habits

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the effects of hormones on the human sex drive, which of the following is/are TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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