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A researcher studying the fact that in some nations black is a sign of mourning while in others white is a sign of mourning would be studying


A) semiotics.
B) semantics.
C) semaphorics.
D) cultural symbolism.
E) cultural linguistics.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Government taxes on products or services entering a country that primarily serve to raise prices on imports are referred to as


A) tariffs.
B) quotas.
C) WTO taxes.
D) foreign excise taxes.
E) trade subsidies.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Recently, the United States imposed a 35% tariff on Chinese tire imports in hopes of sustaining U.S. jobs in tire manufacturing. This addition of tariffs is an example of


A) imposing the rule of eminent domain.
B) increasing ethnocentrism.
C) enhancing domestic imperialism.
D) increasing protectionism.
E) slowing countertrade

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements about global brands is most accurate?


A) A global brand has centrally coordinated marketing programs.
B) A global brand is marketed under different names but uses identical ads for all markets.
C) A global brand alters the product formulation or service for each geographical region.
D) A global brand delivers multiple benefits based on the GDP of each country.
E) A global brand is a collaborative effort among several different national firms.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. Changing a product in some way to make it more appropriate for a country's climate or preferences is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product extension
B) product customization
C) product adaptation
D) product invention
E) product integration

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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"A signal that the world's trading nations are committed to open markets - and will resist protectionism - would inject confidence and energy into our markets," says the U.S. Trade Representative. Discuss this statement.

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This statement indicates that the U.S. T...

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Explain the difference between dumping and parallel importing.

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Dumping is when a firm sells a product i...

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Foreign countries with very low per capita incomes may still be attractive markets for some goods. To get a more reliable picture of a country's purchasing power, a country's __________ must also be considered.


A) total income
B) total area
C) geographical location
D) culture
E) income distribution

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Once a company has decided to enter the global marketplace, it must select a means of market entry. Four general options exist: (1) __________; (2) licensing; (3) joint venture; and (4) direct investment.


A) exporting
B) accreditation
C) countertrading
D) cooperative
E) franchising

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Even though Exxon adapts its gasoline blends for different countries based on climate, the promotion message is unchanged. The wording of that slogan is "__________."


A) Put a Tiger in Your Tank
B) Put the Pedal to the Metal
C) Buy American Fuel
D) Keep America Driving
E) Power to the Pistons

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about the World Trade Organization (WTO) is most accurate?


A) The World Trade Organization was formed in 2008 in response to the global recession.
B) The 12 member countries of the WTO account for approximately 55 percent of world trade.
C) The WTO acts as an agent in licensing negotiations between its members and the remainder of the world.
D) The WTO uses panels of trade experts who can issue binding decisions.
E) The WTO was formed by the United Nations.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Select Service Partner (SSP) Group has operations in 30 countries involving food and beverage establishments, often in transit hubs like airports and railway stations. SSP also operates Starbucks locations in airports in Finland, Sweden, and Norway. SSP pays Starbucks a royalty based on sales as well as a fee for each store. In these instances, Starbucks is engaged in


A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) contract manufacturing.
D) foreign assembly.
E) licensing.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Fluctuations in the __________ among the world's currencies have direct impact on the sales and profits made by global companies.


A) production costs
B) transportation
C) reciprocity
D) economic infrastructure
E) exchange rates

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about the World Trade Organization (WTO) is most accurate?


A) The WTO is an institution that sets rules governing trade between its members.
B) The WTO acts as an agent in trade negotiations between its members and the remainder of the world.
C) The 183 member countries of the WTO account for approximately 55 percent of world trade.
D) The WTO uses panels of trade experts who issue non-binding recommendations.
E) The WTO was formed by the United Nations.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Although Russia now has a free economy, there are still some problems with its financial and legal systems as well as with the notion of


A) private property.
B) product promotion.
C) paid advertising.
D) community property.
E) foreign exchange rates.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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A New York carwash owner wanted to open a carwash in Quebec, Canada. He hired a U.S. translator to create signage for the new venture and to design some simple advertising. It was not until the business was opened that he learned that he should have used __________. His French signs actually said "car bath" instead of "car wash."


A) Esperanto
B) back translation
C) semiotics
D) semantic symbolism
E) linguistic exchange

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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What market entry option allows a company to make the least number of changes in terms of its product, its organization, and even its corporate goals?


A) exporting
B) licensing
C) joint venture
D) direct investment
E) franchising

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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What global market-entry strategy did Mary Kay use when it entered India?


A) direct importing
B) licensing
C) indirect exporting
D) joint venture
E) direct exporting

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The Economic Espionage Act


A) allows the World Court in The Hague to adjudicate trade disputes on behalf of United Nations' members and requires the home country to impose any penalties.
B) imposes a personal fine on a convicted U.S. citizen of up to $10 million.
C) targets espionage activities that are commonplace in any industry that holds governmental contracts.
D) makes the theft of trade secrets by foreign entities a federal crime in the U.S.
E) is well-intended in theory, but is virtually impossible to enforc

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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A global brand is a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs. However, adaptations of global brands are made


A) only if required by government regulations in the host market.
B) only in its initial introduction into a market and only until the brand is recognized.
C) by domestic competitors causing brand confusion.
D) only when necessary to better connect the brand to consumers in different markets.
E) when there is a serious drop in market share

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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