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Exam 13: Chemical Kinetics

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Question 31

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For the chemical reaction A  C, a plot of 1/[A]_t versus time was found to give a straight line with a positive slope. What is the order of reaction?

A) zeroth
B) first
C) second
D) Such a plot cannot reveal the order of the reaction.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 32

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At 700 K, the rate constant for the following reaction is 6.2  10^-4 min^-1. How many minutes are required for 20% of a sample of cyclopropane to isomerize to propene?

A) 1,120 min
B) 360 min
C) 3710 min
D) 1.4  10^-4 min
E) 280 min

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Question 33

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The rate constant for a certain first-order reaction is 0.40/min.What is the initial rate in mole/L·min, if the initial concentration of the compound involved is 0.50 mol/L?

Which one of the following units would not be an acceptable way to express reaction rate?

The oxidation of iodide ions by arsenic acid in acidic aqueous solution occurs according to the net reaction H₃AsO₄ + 3I^- + 2 H₃O⁺  H₃AsO₃ + I₃^- + H₂O.The experimental rate law for this reaction is rate = k [H₃AsO₄] [I^-] [H₃O⁺].What is the order of the reaction with respect to I^-?

At 25°C, the second-order reaction NOCl(g)  NO(g) + ¹/₂Cl₂(g) is 50% complete after 5.82 hours when the initial concentration of NOCl is 4.46 mol/L. How long will it take for the reaction to be 75% complete?

Sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, reacts slowly with water in the presence of an acid to form two other sugars, glucose and fructose, both of which have the same molecular formulas, but different structures. C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O  C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose)+ C₆H₁₂O₆ (fructose) The reaction is first order and has a rate constant of 6.2  10^-5 /s at 35°C when the H⁺ concentration is 0.10 M.Suppose that the initial concentration of sucrose in the solution is 0.40 M. How many minutes will it take for the sucrose concentration to drop to 0.30 M?

For the chemical reaction A  B + C, a plot of [A]_t versus time is found to give a straight line with a negative slope. What is the order of reaction with respect to A?

The activation energy for the reaction O + O₃  2O₂ is 25 kJ/mol, and the enthalpy change is H = -388 kJ/mol. What is the activation energy for the decomposition of O₂ by the reverse reaction?

For the chemical reaction system described by the diagram below, which statement is true?

A certain first-order reaction A  B is 25% complete in 42 min at 25°C. What is its rate constant?

Aspirin, C₉H₈O₄, slowly decomposes at room temperature by reacting with water in the atmosphere to produce acetic acid, HC₂H₃O₂, and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C₇H₆O₃ (this is why old bottles of aspirin often smell like vinegar): C₉H₈O₄ + H₂O  HC₂H₃O₂ + C₇H₆O₃ Concentration and rate data for this reaction are given below. Write the rate law for this reaction and calculate k (be sure to include the correct units).

For the first-order reaction 2N₂O₅  2N₂O₄ + O₂ at a particular temperature, the half-life of N₂O₅ is 0.90 hr. What fraction of the initial concentration of N₂O₅ will remain after 2.4 hours?

For what order reaction does the half-life get longer as the initial concentration increases?

Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen gas, and the activation energy for this process is 42 kJ/mol.The hydrogen peroxide formed in biological processes is harmful to tissue, but the enzyme catalase catalyzes the decomposition hydrogen peroxide by lowering the activation energy to 7.0 kJ/mol.Assuming the frequency factor is the same for both processes and independent of temperature, calculate the temperature required for the uncatalyzed decomposition to proceed at the same rate as the enzyme-catalyzed decomposition at 37°C (normal human body temperature).Is this a reasonable temperature for a biological organism?

The thermal decomposition of acetaldehyde, CH₃CHO  CH₄ + CO, is a second-order reaction. The following data were obtained at 518°C. Based on the data given, what is the half-life for the disappearance of acetaldehyde?

Sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, reacts slowly with water in the presence of an acid to form two other sugars, glucose and fructose, both of which have the same molecular formulas, but different structures. C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O  C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose)+ C₆H₁₂O₆ (fructose) The reaction is first order and has a rate constant of 6.2  10^-5/s at 35°C when the H⁺ concentration is 0.10 M.Suppose that the initial concentration of sucrose in the solution is 0.40 M. What will the sucrose concentration be after 2.0 hours?

Which of the following statements is false?

The isomerization of cyclopropane to propene follows first-order kinetics. At 700 K, the rate constant for this reaction is 6.2  10^-4 min^-1. How many minutes are required for 10.0% of a sample of cyclopropane to isomerize to propene?

Nitric oxide gas (NO) reacts with chlorine gas according to the chemical equation given below. NO + Cl₂  NOCl The following initial rates of reaction have been measured for the given reagent concentrations. Which of the following is the rate law (rate equation) for this reaction?