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Exam 13: How Populations Evolve

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Question 1

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$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}\hline& \text {Female Preference}& \text {Male Courtship }& \text {Redness of}\\ \text { Fish \#}&\text { Score}&\text { Behavior}&\text { Male Throat}\\& \begin{array}{l}\end{array} \\\hline & (0-3) &\text { (\# per mimute) }& (0-10) \\\hline 1 & 0 & 1.75 &5.00 \\\hline 2 & 0 & 0.28 & 5.00 \\\hline 3 & 0 & 0.00 & 7.00 \\\hline 4 & 0 & 0.74 & 5.00 \\\hline 5 & 0 & 0.11 & 3.00 \\\hline 6 & 0 & 1.20 &4.00 \\\hline 7 & 0 & 0.28 & 6.50 \\\hline 8 & 0 & 0.49 & 5.50 \\\hline 9 & 0 & 1.55 & 6.50 \\\hline 10 & 1 & 2.57 & 7.50 \\\hline 11 & 1 & 6.48 & 7.00 \\ \hline 12 & 1 & 1.89 & 7.50 \\\hline 13 & 1 & 0.48 & 5.00 \\\hline 14 & 1 & 0.14 & 8.00 \\\hline 15 & 1 & 8.04 & 7.50 \\\hline 16 & 1 & 0.38 & 7.50 \\\hline 17 & 1 & 3.81 & 8.00 \\\hline 18 & 2 & 8.23 & 8.00 \\\hline 19 & 2 & 10.00 &6.50 \\\hline 20 & 2 & 11.07 & 6.00 \\\hline 21 & 2 & 1.87 & 6.50 \\\hline 22 & 3 & 3.30 & 6.00 \\\hline 23 & 3 & 12.93 & 7.00 \\\hline 24 & 3 & 12.72 & 7.50 \\\hline\end{array}$ -The data in the accompanying table are from an experiment seeking to determine why some male fish attract more females than others. A scientist scored females' preference for particular males from 0 (low) to 3 (high) , the number of zig-zag courtship dances the males did for each female, and the intensity of the color of the male's throat, a trait that generally indicates sexual maturity. Which hypothesis is supported by the data in the table?

A) Females prefer males that spend little time in courtship.
B) Male fish spend less than a minute courting females that do show a preference toward them.
C) Males generally spend more time courting females that show an interest in them (demonstrate a preference) .
D) The redness of a male's throat predicts how much a female is likely to prefer him.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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C

Question 2

Multiple Choice

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According to this figure, which pair of organisms shares the most recent common ancestor?

A) lungfishes and amphibians
B) amphibians and lizards
C) mammals and crocodiles
D) lizards and ostriches

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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D

Question 3

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following disciplines has found evidence for evolution based on the native distributions (locations) of living species?

Which of the following statements regarding natural selection is false?

In a large population of plants, notches in the leaves are caused by a dominant allele N and lack of notches by a recessive allele n. Over many generations the proportion of plants in the population with notched leaves increases. What is the most likely cause?

The change in curves in the graph represents

A rabbit population consists of animals that are either very dark on top or very light on top. The color pattern is not related to sex. No rabbit shows intermediate coloration (medium darkness) . This pattern might result from

Broccoli, cabbages, and Brussels sprouts all descend from the same wild mustard and can still interbreed. These varieties were produced by

Genetic drift resulting from a disaster that drastically reduces population size is called

In populations of the greater prairie chicken in Illinois, genetic diversity was lost through

Tay-Sachs is inherited as an autosomal recessive allele. Homozygous individuals die within the first few years of life. However, there is some evidence that heterozygous individuals are more resistant to tuberculosis. Which of the following statements about Tay-Sachs is true?

Which of the following will tend to produce adaptive changes in populations?

What evidence is used to determine the branching sequence of an evolutionary tree?

A farmer decides to go into the business of raising trout for tourists who enjoy fishing. She builds six trout ponds and stocks each of them with trout from genetically identical stock. Her friends tell her that because she started each pond with just a few trout, she has created a bottleneck effect and her trout populations are likely to become genetically different rapidly. Which of the following statements about her trout is likely true?

Which of the following would most quickly be eliminated by natural selection?

Some butterflies can ingest toxic chemicals from the milkweed plants they feed on and then can store those chemicals in their body. Because toxins stored in the butterflies are toxic to birds, the birds avoid eating the butterflies. Which of the following is the best explanation for this situation?

Thirty people are selected for a long-term mission to colonize a planet many light-years away from Earth. The mission is successful, and the population rapidly grows to several hundred individuals. However, certain genetic diseases are unusually common in this group, and the group's gene pool is quite different from that of the Earth population they have left behind. Which of the following phenomena has left its mark on this population?

Large antlers in male elk, which are used for battles between males, are a good example of a trait favored by

Which of the following statements would Darwin have disagreed with?

A population is