Question 1

Where is primary growth occurring in an old tree?

Accepted Answer

A)   Closest to ground level at the base of the tree.
B)   In young branches where leaves are forming.
C)   Where the vascular cambium and cork cambium are located.
D)   Nowhere; trees more than a year old have only secondary growth.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

In a meristematic region, the cell plate during mitosis is perpendicular to the side of the stem. In what direction will the stem grow?

Accepted Answer

A)   laterally in width
B)   vertically in height
C)   at a 45-degree angle from the ground
D)   away from the sunE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

________ is a relatively indigestible strengthening polymer that accounts for more than a quarter of the dry mass of wood.

Accepted Answer

A)   Cellulose
B)   Starch
C)   Lignin
D)   None of these choicesE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Monocot vascular bundles do not have a vascular cambium between the xylem and phloem. This means that monocots ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are much less efficient at conducting water and sugars
B)   have very thin stems
C)   do not produce wood in annual rings
D)   cannot produce lateral shootsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Strawberries have modified horizontal shoots growing along the surface, which are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   rhizomes
B)   tubers
C)   stolons
D)   rhizoidsE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Accepted Answer

A)   bark.
B)   periderm.
C)   secondary xylem.
D)   secondary phloem.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division?

Accepted Answer

A)   a parenchyma cell near the root tip
B)   a functional sieve tube element
C)   a tracheid
D)   a stem fibreE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area of a leaf when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels decline is most analogous to a human ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   breathing faster as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase
B)   putting more red blood cells into circulation when atmospheric oxygen levels decline
C)   removing red blood cells from circulation when atmospheric oxygen levels increase
D)   increasing the volume of its lungs when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increaseE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Some of the largest leaves in the world can be found on plants near the floor of dense tropical rain forests. Which of the following precursors for photosynthesis is most likely limited in these large leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen
B)   carbon dioxide
C)   glucose
D)   lightE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following arise, directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary xylem
B)   leaves
C)   dermal tissue
D)   secondary xylem, leaves, dermal tissue, and tubersE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the centre of a large redwood tree, when you exited from the middle of the trunk (stem)  outward, you would cross, in order, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the annual rings, new xylem, vascular cambium, phloem, and bark
B)   the secondary xylem, cork cambium, phloem, and periderm
C)   the vascular cambium, oldest xylem, and newest xylem
D)   the secondary xylem, secondary phloem, and vascular cambiumE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

What is present in a shoot apical meristem region?
I. the region of cell division
II. immature buds and leaves
III. cells that will give rise to the protoderm, ground meristem, and procambium

Accepted Answer

A)   only I
B)   only II
C)   only III
D)   I, II, and IIIE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

When you eat Brussels sprouts, you are eating ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   immature flowers
B)   large axillary buds
C)   petioles
D)   storage leavesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   enable the root system to obtain oxygen
B)   support tall, top-heavy plants
C)   enable the root system to anchor
D)   wrap around other plants to support tall, top-heavy plantsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A)   primary xylem
B)   secondary xylem
C)   secondary phloem
D)   vascular cambiumE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)   parenchyma cells
B)   collenchyma cells
C)   sclerenchyma cells
D)   tracheids and vessel elementsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The veins of leaves are ________.
I. composed of xylem and phloem
II. continuous, with vascular bundles in the stem and roots
III. finely branched to be in close contact with photosynthesising cells

Accepted Answer

A)   only I
B)   only II
C)   only III
D)   I, II, and IIIE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the zones in the primary growth of a root, moving from the root cap inward?

Accepted Answer

A)   zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of differentiation
B)   zone of differentiation, zone of elongation, zone of cell division
C)   zone of elongation, zone of cell division, zone of differentiation
D)   zone of cell division, zone of differentiation, zone of elongationE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   dermal and ground tissue
B)   lateral tissues
C)   pith
D)   secondary tissuesE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

The following diagram is of a cross-section of a plant leaf. Use the diagram to answer the question. 
- The main function associated with structure X is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   absorption of carbon dioxide
B)   retention of water
C)   collection of light
D)   release of carbon dioxideE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 35: Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Some of the largest leaves in the world can be found on plants near the floor of dense tropical rain forests. Which of the following precursors for photosynthesis is most likely limited in these large leaves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the centre of a large redwood tree, when you exited from the middle of the trunk (stem) outward, you would cross, in order, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Strawberries have modified horizontal shoots growing along the surface, which are referred to as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following arise, directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is present in a shoot apical meristem region? I. the region of cell division II. immature buds and leaves III. cells that will give rise to the protoderm, ground meristem, and procambium

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where is primary growth occurring in an old tree?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following diagram is of a cross-section of a plant leaf. Use the diagram to answer the question. - The main function associated with structure X is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the zones in the primary growth of a root, moving from the root cap inward?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Monocot vascular bundles do not have a vascular cambium between the xylem and phloem. This means that monocots ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area of a leaf when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels decline is most analogous to a human ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is a relatively indigestible strengthening polymer that accounts for more than a quarter of the dry mass of wood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The veins of leaves are ________. I. composed of xylem and phloem II. continuous, with vascular bundles in the stem and roots III. finely branched to be in close contact with photosynthesising cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a meristematic region, the cell plate during mitosis is perpendicular to the side of the stem. In what direction will the stem grow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you eat Brussels sprouts, you are eating ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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