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A major event of the Mesozoic era was the breakup of the supercontinent called Pangaea.

A) True
B) False

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A major economic deposit associated with the Cretaceous period is ________.


A) gold
B) uranium
C) sand
D) coal
E) platinum

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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During the Cambrian,Trilobites developed a flexible exoskeleton which allowed them to ________.


A) avoid being eaten by other creatures
B) climb trees and find food
C) burrow in soft sediment to find food
D) eat smaller life forms by crushing them in their jaws
E) sink to the bottom of shallow ponds to find food

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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At the start of the Paleozoic,North America ________.


A) had abundant life
B) had no plants or animals
C) did not exist
D) was a large number of small fragments that had not yet collided
E) was mountainous and dry

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The North America craton formed as a result of ________.


A) collision of older crustal fragments composed of island arcs and other fragments
B) the collision of two continents to form a supercontinent
C) the break-up of a large supercontinent
D) a huge volcanic eruption
E) the metamorphism of oceanic crust

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The Laramide Orogeny at the end of the Mesozoic produced ________.


A) the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern U.S.
B) the Ural Mountains in Russia
C) the Alps in Europe
D) the Rocky Mountains in the western U.S.
E) the Himalayan Mountains in Asia

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The large outer planets (Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,and Neptune)contain huge amounts of hydrogen and other light materials as part of their composition.

A) True
B) False

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What organic compounds are essential for DNA and RNA to form?


A) ammonia and methane
B) hydrogen sulfide
C) carbon dioxide
D) oxygen
E) amino acids

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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E

The first elements to form after "Big Bang" were ________.


A) oxygen and hydrogen
B) oxygen and iron
C) hydrogen and iron
D) helium and oxygen
E) helium and hydrogen

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Due to differentiation,the lighter,gaseous materials escaped Earth's interior and became the primitive atmosphere.

A) True
B) False

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During the Cenozoic era,the eastern and western margins of North America experienced similar geologic events.

A) True
B) False

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Planets in the making are referred to as ________.

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Preserved rocks in North America are generally less than ________.


A) 20 km wide
B) 10 km thick
C) 50 km long
D) 3) 5 billion years old
E) 2) 7 g/cm3 in density

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Many reptile groups became extinct at the close of the Cenozoic era.

A) True
B) False

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False

The supercontinent of Pangaea began to break up during the ________ era.


A) Precambrian
B) Paleozoic
C) Mesozoic
D) Cenozoic

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The decay of radioactive atoms,coupled with heat released by colliding particles,produced at least some melting of Earth's early interior.

A) True
B) False

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Ozone is a constituent of the ________,where it protects life from ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

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Stratosphere

The first true terrestrial land animals were the mammals.

A) True
B) False

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As the solar system began forming,the first materials to condense into small particles were ________ and nickel.


A) oxygen
B) silicon
C) nitrogen
D) carbon
E) none of these

F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

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Earth's primitive atmosphere evolved from gases ________.


A) produced by radioactive decay
B) collected from the nebula
C) escaping from water
D) from the Sun
E) expelled from within the earth

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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