Question 1

Sensory memory is also called working memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Psychologist George Sperling is one of the most widely recognized authorities on eyewitness memory and the different ways it can go awry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Why were nonsense syllables used in the earliest studies of forgetting?

Accepted Answer

A)   so that the stimulus materials were simple enough that even children could read and remember them
B)   so that cross-cultural comparisons of memory could be investigated using speakers of different languages
C)   so that the material did not have preexisting associations in memory
D)   to reduce retroactive interferenceE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Describe the duration and capacity of short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory refers to the temporar...

Question 5

The brains of people with Alzheimer's disease develop:

Accepted Answer

A)   an enlarged hippocampus and hypothalamus.
B)   an abundance of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
C)   shrunken ventricles and loss of cerebral spinal fluid.
D)   a proliferation of new neurons in the hippocampus.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

During the short-answer essay part of the examination, Ethan was absolutely certain that he knew the definition of long-term potentiation, but he could not think of it. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for Ethan's inability to retrieve the information from his long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   the misinformation effect
B)   prospective memory failure
C)   source confusion
D)   retrieval cue failureE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

An In Focus box in your textbook discussed a particular memory ability that H.M. demonstrated many years after his surgery. Which of the following is an example that was described in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)   H.M. was unable to remember either the first or last names of people who had become famous after his surgery, but he did report numerous déjà vu experiences.
B)   He responded "Loren" when prompted with "Sophia," and "Reagan" when prompted with "Ronald."
C)   H.M. was unable to remember either the first or last names of people who had become famous after his surgery, but he did experience the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon many times.
D)   H.M. was able to generate the first names but not the last names of people who had become famous since his surgeryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

According to the Enhancing Well-Being with Psychology feature, which of the following helps the process of consolidating new memories?

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep
B)   alcohol
C)   background noise
D)   massed practiceE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

As James watched Haley wave the Fourth of July sparkler back and forth, he noticed that the sparkler seemed to produce a trailing afterimage that faded within a split second. Which type of sensory memory can account for the quickly fading afterimage of the sparkler?

Accepted Answer

A)   echoic memory
B)   the déjà vu experience
C)   prospective memory
D)   iconic memoryE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Distinguish how REM and non-REM sleep diversely contribute to memory consolidation, and speculate about possible mechanisms for these effects.

Accepted Answer

REM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM (no...

Question 11

According to British psychologist Alan Baddeley's working memory model, the phonological loop:

Accepted Answer

A)   controls attention, integrates information, and initiates retrieval.
B)   is involved in organizing information in a complex network.
C)   is specialized for spatial and visual material.
D)   is specialized for verbal material.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Research by psychologist Richard F. Thompson and his colleagues demonstrated that the:

Accepted Answer

A)   function and structure of neurons change in response to the formation of new memories.
B)   hippocampus is critical for the formation of new memories.
C)   memory of how to navigate a maze with no errors was localized in the hippocampus.
D)   memory for a classically conditioned eye blink response was localized in a rabbit's cerebellum.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

The amount of information that can be held in long-term memory:

Accepted Answer

A)   depends on the amount of maintenance rehearsal performed on the information.
B)   seems to be limitless.
C)   is seven items or bits of information, plus or minus two.
D)   is four items or bits of information, plus or minus one.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Merely repeating information over and over is called _____, while focusing on the meaning of the information is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   clustering; chunking
B)   chunking; clustering
C)   elaborative rehearsal; maintenance rehearsal
D)   maintenance rehearsal; elaborative rehearsalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

In a cross-cultural study comparing the earliest memories of college students, researchers found that the average age for earliest memories was much earlier for U.S.-born students than for Taiwanese or Chinese students.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

At a loud party, Kimberly met so many new people that when she ran into one of her new acquaintances on campus the next day she was unable to remember his name. The MOST likely explanation for her forgetting the name of her new acquaintance is:

Accepted Answer

A)   source confusion.
B)   interference.
C)   mood congruence.
D)   source amnesia.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

The phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad are:

Accepted Answer

A)   different names for auditory sensory memory and visual sensory memory.
B)   two of the three components in psychologist Alan Baddeley's model of working memory.
C)   two mnemonic devices that can be used to help you remember a list of unrelated items, such as nonsense syllables.
D)   two components in psychologist George Sperling's model of sensory memory.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

How can you increase the length of time that you can hold information in your short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   use maintenance rehearsal by repeating the information
B)   use a process called clustering
C)   move the information into sensory memory
D)   use iconic memory to hold the memory longerE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

If information in short-term memory is not actively rehearsed, the information is transferred to long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The _____ is involved in encoding and transferring new explicit memories to long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   prefrontal cortex
B)   hippocampus
C)   amygdala
D)   cerebellumE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Memory

If information in short-term memory is not actively rehearsed, the information is transferred to long-term memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish how REM and non-REM sleep diversely contribute to memory consolidation, and speculate about possible mechanisms for these effects.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIREM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM (no...View AnswerShow Answer

In a cross-cultural study comparing the earliest memories of college students, researchers found that the average age for earliest memories was much earlier for U.S.-born students than for Taiwanese or Chinese students.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the duration and capacity of short-term memory.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIShort-term memory refers to the temporar...View AnswerShow Answer

The phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As James watched Haley wave the Fourth of July sparkler back and forth, he noticed that the sparkler seemed to produce a trailing afterimage that faded within a split second. Which type of sensory memory can account for the quickly fading afterimage of the sparkler?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by psychologist Richard F. Thompson and his colleagues demonstrated that the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologist George Sperling is one of the most widely recognized authorities on eyewitness memory and the different ways it can go awry.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The amount of information that can be held in long-term memory:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An In Focus box in your textbook discussed a particular memory ability that H.M. demonstrated many years after his surgery. Which of the following is an example that was described in your textbook?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sensory memory is also called working memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Enhancing Well-Being with Psychology feature, which of the following helps the process of consolidating new memories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At a loud party, Kimberly met so many new people that when she ran into one of her new acquaintances on campus the next day she was unable to remember his name. The MOST likely explanation for her forgetting the name of her new acquaintance is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brains of people with Alzheimer's disease develop:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the short-answer essay part of the examination, Ethan was absolutely certain that he knew the definition of long-term potentiation, but he could not think of it. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for Ethan's inability to retrieve the information from his long-term memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ is involved in encoding and transferring new explicit memories to long-term memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why were nonsense syllables used in the earliest studies of forgetting?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Merely repeating information over and over is called _____, while focusing on the meaning of the information is called _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to British psychologist Alan Baddeley's working memory model, the phonological loop:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How can you increase the length of time that you can hold information in your short-term memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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REM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM (no...
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Short-term memory refers to the temporar...
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Merely repeating information over and over is called _, while focusing on the meaning of the information is called _.

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