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Standard markup pricing is considered to be a __________ approach to pricing.


A) demand-oriented
B) profit-oriented
C) cost-oriented
D) competition-oriented
E) service-oriented

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Explain predatory pricing.

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Predatory pricing is the practice of cha...

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Five pricing practices are closely scrutinized because of potential unethical or illegal actions.They include: (1) price fixing; (2) predatory pricing; (3) deceptive pricing; (4) geographical pricing;and (5) __________.


A) price discounting
B) lateral price fixing
C) regional rollbacks
D) delayed payment penalties
E) price discrimination

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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The three major types of special adjustments to list or quoted price are


A) demand-oriented,cost-oriented,and profit-oriented adjustments.
B) one price,flexible price,and discounts.
C) discounts,allowances,and marginal adjustments.
D) discounts,allowances,and geographical adjustments.
E) discounts,incremental costs and revenues,and geographical adjustments.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The key to setting a final price for a product is finding an approximate price level to use as a reasonable starting point.Four common approaches to selecting an approximate price level are: (1) demand-oriented; (2) __________; (3) profit-oriented;and (4) competition-oriented approaches.


A) cost-oriented
B) cause-oriented
C) revenue-oriented
D) stakeholder-oriented
E) distribution-oriented

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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With a __________ pricing strategy,a price setter stresses the __________ side of the pricing problem.


A) demand-oriented;cost
B) supply-oriented;target ROI
C) competition-oriented;marketing channel
D) cost-oriented;cost
E) profit-oriented;revenue

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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What are the four kinds of discounts that are especially important in marketing pricing strategy?

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Discounts are reductions from list price...

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Vertical price fixing involves controlling agreements between independent buyers and sellers whereby sellers are required to not sell products below a minimum retail price.This practice is also called __________.


A) price discrimination
B) predatory pricing
C) a tying arrangement
D) resale price maintenance
E) exclusive dealing

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements about a dynamic pricing policy is most accurate?


A) A dynamic pricing policy is especially suited to low cost items where profit margins are slim.
B) A dynamic pricing policy should not be used with large ticket items such as cars or real estate.
C) When using a dynamic pricing policy,the seller may risk violating the Robinson-Patman Act.
D) Dynamic pricing is not a form of yield management pricing.
E) Dynamic pricing is rarely used for online purchases because of the high cost to develop information technology and data warehouses.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Experience curve pricing refers to


A) the method of pricing where the price of a product often rises following the expansion of costs associated with the firm's producing and selling an increased volume of the product.
B) the point at which profits double,then double again,as more consumers buy the product.
C) a predictive pricing plan based upon the knowledge that the prices will fluctuate in a predictable pattern within a given industry based on the diffusion of innovation.
D) a method of pricing based on the learning effect,which holds that the unit cost of many products and services declines by 10 percent to 30 percent each time a firm's experience at producing and selling them doubles.
E) a pricing strategy that uses price estimates based upon the consensus of the salesforce and the firm's top management team.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Hallmark was the official supplier of flowers at the last Winter Olympics.Hallmark presented each Olympic winner with a special bouquet of roses designed to resemble the Olympic torch.Consumers were able to buy a smaller version of this same bouquet at the Hallmark website for $74.95.The Olympic bouquet that consumers could buy contained two dozen yellow roses,yet you could buy the same two dozen yellow roses for less than $35 at most supermarkets.If Hallmark is treating the Olympic bouquet as an innovative product,then it is using which demand-oriented pricing approach?


A) bundle pricing
B) yield management pricing
C) skimming pricing
D) target return-on-sales pricing
E) penetration pricing

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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A __________ approach often changes prices based on time,day,week,or season.


A) skimming pricing
B) bundle pricing
C) yield management pricing
D) target return on investment pricing
E) standard markup pricing

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Figure 14-5 above shows the results of a spreadsheet simulation to select a price to achieve a target return on investment (ROI) .What is the ROI for Scenario "C"?


A) 0%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 14%
E) 17%

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Figure 14-1 above represents the six steps in setting price.Which letter represents the step where a firm would assess company,customer,and competitive effects on price?


A) "B"
B) "D"
C) "F"
D) "C"
E) "E"

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Different brands within a company's product line generally have different profit margins;for example,items with higher price lines have higher profit margins.Assume that Nike Variety tennis shoes have variable costs of $6 and sell for $24.Also assume that Nike Wimbledon tennis shoes have variable costs of $38 and sell for $48,but when fixed overhead is added,the shoe is unprofitable by $2 per pair.Which statement is most accurate regarding Nike's pricing approach with these two product lines?


A) Demand for each shoe line is unrelated to price.
B) Nike is using a cost-plus percentage-of-cost pricing strategy.
C) Nike is using a product-line pricing strategy.
D) Demand for each shoe line is unrelated to product quality.
E) Consumers do not use price as an indication of quality.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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When using a price lining strategy,a marketer will


A) set the price of a line of products at a number of different specific pricing points.
B) set price slightly higher than necessary to protect against losses resulting from adverse environmental forces.
C) adjust the price of a product so it is "in line" with the price of its largest competitor.
D) set a low initial price on a new product to appeal immediately to the mass market.
E) set a market price for product or product class based on a subjective feel for the competitors' price or market price as the benchmark.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Yield management is considered to be a __________ approach to pricing.


A) demand-oriented
B) cost-oriented
C) profit-oriented
D) competition-oriented
E) service-oriented

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Multiple-zone pricing refers to


A) establishing a distribution center in each major geographical region or zone in which a firm's product is sold.
B) establishing retail outlets in the same vicinity as all the firm's manufacturing plants.
C) a firm's decision to charge the same price regardless of geographic regions or zones where it operates.
D) a firm's division of its selling territory into geographic areas or zones.
E) a firm's decision to divide its business between multiple carriers to provide flexibility should transportation prices rise with one and fall with another.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Why do manufacturers offer seasonal discounts to channel members? Provide an example of how one would work.

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To encourage buyers to stock inventory e...

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The purpose of a cash discount is to


A) reward retailers for making large quantity purchases.
B) encourage purchasing items during periods of low demand.
C) prevent competitors from obtaining shelf space.
D) counteract the introduction of a new product by a competitor.
E) encourage retailers to pay their bills promptly.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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